最近开发的冲突任务扩散模型(DMC)Ulrich等人。(认知心理学,78,148-174,2015)很好地说明了来自所有标准冲突任务的数据(例如,Stroop,西蒙,和侧翼任务)在一个共同的证据积累框架内。DMC处理动力学的一个中心特征是,有一个快速积累干扰证据的初始阶段,然后随着处理的继续,有选择地从决策机制中撤出。我们认为,这种假设可能会令人不安,因为它可以被视为暗示干扰因素信息在处理过程中的定性变化。这些变化表明,不仅仅是简单的抑制或抑制干扰信息,因为它们涉及分心者随着时间的推移处理“改变标志”产生的证据。在这篇文章中,我们(a)开发了一种修订的DMC(RDMC),其动力学严格在抑制/抑制范围内运行(即,证据强度可以单调变化,但不能改变符号);(b)证明RDMC可以预测文献中观察到的全部δ图(即,正向和负向);(c)表明该模型对Simon和侧翼数据提供了很好的拟合,这些数据用于在个人和小组水平上对原始DMC进行基准测试。我们的模型提供了对Simon和侧翼任务之间处理差异的新颖说明。具体来说,它们在一致试验中如何处理干扰信息方面有所不同,而不是不一致的试验:西蒙任务中的一致试验显示,注意力从干扰信息转移相对较慢(即,位置),同时在侧翼任务中发生完整而快速的注意力转移。我们的新模型强调了在冲突处理中考虑自上而下的目标和自下而上的刺激作用之间的动态相互作用的重要性。
The recently developed diffusion model for conflict tasks (DMC) Ulrich et al. (Cognitive Psychology, 78, 148-174, 2015) provides a good account of data from all standard conflict tasks (e.g., Stroop, Simon, and flanker tasks) within a common evidence accumulation framework. A central feature of DMC\'s processing dynamics is that there is an initial phase of rapid accumulation of distractor evidence that is then selectively withdrawn from the decision mechanism as processing continues. We argue that this assumption is potentially troubling because it could be viewed as implying qualitative changes in the representation of distractor information over the time course of processing. These changes suggest more than simple inhibition or suppression of distractor information, as they involve evidence produced by distractor processing \"changing sign\" over time. In this article, we (a) develop a revised DMC (RDMC) whose dynamics operate strictly within the limits of inhibition/suppression (i.e., evidence strength can change monotonically, but cannot change sign); (b) demonstrate that RDMC can predict the full range of delta plots observed in the literature (i.e., both positive-going and negative-going); and (c) show that the model provides excellent fits to Simon and flanker data used to benchmark the original DMC at both the individual and group level. Our model provides a novel account of processing differences across Simon and flanker tasks. Specifically, that they differ in how distractor information is processed on congruent trials, rather than incongruent trials: congruent trials in the Simon task show relatively slow attention shifting away from distractor information (i.e., location) while complete and rapid attention shifting occurs in the flanker task. Our new model highlights the importance of considering dynamic interactions between top-down goals and bottom-up stimulus effects in conflict processing.