背景:家庭,作为基本的社会化环境,是一个复杂的动态系统-作为一个整体并通过其子系统-与其他社会系统(Bagdy在家庭社会化和人格障碍。NemzetiTankönyvkiadó,布达佩斯,2002;Lakatos等人。在MentálhigiénésPszichoszomatika21(1):56-85,2020)。与家庭系统有长期关系的系统是工作系统/环境。建立和维持工作与生活的平衡已成为我们社会的中心问题,因为他们是两个最具组织性的力量,由于来自两个方向的要求和期望,调和它们是一项非常困难的任务,经常同时(Makra等人在MagyarPszichológiaiSzemle67(3):491-518,2012)。这种“双重负担”主要影响女性,但是他们在劳动力市场中的作用越来越大,不一定会在家庭生活中平等分享工作(Engler等人。在女性职业生涯中的工作与生活平衡。在:塔多斯K,PaksiV,FábriGy(编辑)21世纪初的科学职业。Belvedere子午线,塞格德,pp114-126,2021)。我们假设参与工作与工作生活平衡负相关,更难以融入家庭。预计儿童和母亲的专业参与人数之间的关系将是负面的。预计最小的孩子的年龄与母亲的工作参与之间呈正相关。另一方面,一个由凝聚力和韧性团结在一起的家庭会带来更高的工作满意度。
方法:对于本分析,我们在273名参与者的样本中,分析了有子女的在职母亲的工作-家庭冲突与家庭结构之间的关系.自我报告的问卷包括人口统计数据和2个标准问卷:工作-家庭冲突问卷和奥尔森家庭测试(FACES-IV。).这项研究是在匈牙利进行的。
结果:在工作参与和工作家庭冲突之间没有发现显著的关系。观察到工作参与和家庭参与之间存在负相关。类似地,儿童数量之间没有发现显著的关系,最小的孩子的年龄和工作参与,与预期相反。研究结果表明,良好的家庭凝聚力,灵活性和工作满意度。
结论:对于有年幼子女的家庭来说,实现工作与家庭的平衡是一个具有挑战性的过程,尤其是职业母亲。已经显示出工作与家庭参与之间的相互负相关关系。一个运转良好的家庭的重要性,具有足够的凝聚力和灵活性,反映在家庭和工作满意度上。只有在家庭灵活性较低时,工作对家庭的冲突和工作参与之间的关系才会明显缓和。本试点研究的结果表明变量之间的重要关系,并指出了未来值得在更大样本中研究的进一步研究方向。
BACKGROUND: The family, as the basic socialization environment, is a complex dynamic system that - as a whole and through its subsystems - is in relationships with other social systems (Bagdy in Family socialization and personality disorders. Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó, Budapest, 2002; Lakatos et al. in Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika 21(1):56-85, 2020). The system with which the family system has long-term relationships is the work system/environment. Creating and maintaining a work-life balance has become a central issue in our societies, as they are two of the most organising forces, and reconciling them is a very difficult task due to the demands and expectations coming from both directions, often simultaneously (Makra et al. in Magyar Pszichológiai Szemle 67(3):491-518, 2012). This kind of \"double burden\" primarily affects women, but their increasing role in the labour market is not necessarily followed by an equal sharing of work within family life (Engler et al. in Work-life balance in women\'s careers. In: Tardos K, Paksi V, Fábri Gy (eds) Scientific careers in the early 21st century. Belvedere Meridionale, Szeged, pp 114-126, 2021). We hypothesise that involvement in work negatively correlates with work-life balance, making it more difficult to integrate into the family. It was expected that the relationship between the number of children and mothers\' professional involvement would be negative. A positive correlation was expected between the age of the youngest child and the mothers\' work involvement. On the other hand, a family united by cohesion and resilience leads to higher job satisfaction.
METHODS: For the present analysis, we analysed the relationships between work-family conflict and family structure in working mothers with children in a sample of 273 participants. The self-reported questionnaire included demographic data and 2 standard questionnaires: the Work-Family Conflict Questionnaire and the Olson-Family Test (FACES-IV.). The study was conducted in Hungary.
RESULTS: No significant relationship was found between work involvement and work-family conflict. A negative relationship was observed between work involvement and family involvement. Similiarily, no significant relationship was found between the number of children, the age of the youngest child and work involvement, contrary to expectations. The findings indicate a positive relationship between good family cohesion, flexibility and job satisfaction.
CONCLUSIONS: Striking a work-family balance is a challenging process for families with young children, especially working mothers. A mutually negative relationship between work and family involvement has been shown. The importance of a well-functioning family, with adequate cohesion and flexibility, is reflected in family and job satisfaction. The relationship between work-to-family conflict and job involvement is moderated significantly only when family flexibility is low. The results from the present pilot study indicate important relationships between variables and point to further research directions worth investigating in a larger sample in the future.