目的:妊娠糖尿病(GDM)后妇女的短期和长期结局因种族而异。了解基线糖尿病危险因素的差异对于选择降低风险的干预措施很重要。我们旨在比较高加索和非高加索女性GDM的母体和妊娠相关特征。
方法:使用2009年至2013年期间被诊断为GDM并招募的大型加拿大多中心女性队列,我们比较了人口统计学,7个民族GDM女性的临床和行为特征。数据来自图表审查和调查,逻辑和线性回归模型用于比较二元变量和连续变量,分别,在白种人和非白种人之间。
结果:在1,332名GDM患者中,911符合入选条件。其中,41.4%是白人白种人,17.1%是南亚,东亚占18.4%,5.8%是黑色的,8.8%是菲律宾人,中东人占5.2%,西班牙裔占3.3%。与白种人女性相比,非白种人女性在年轻时被诊断为GDM,并且更有可能有糖尿病家族史。除了东亚人,非白种人女性使用种族特异性体重指数截止值更可能超重,并且口服葡萄糖耐量试验值高于白种人女性.怀孕前吸烟和饮酒的患病率在白种人妇女中最高。
结论:在GDM女性的临床和行为特征方面发现了几个重要的种族特异性差异。在提供干预措施以降低不良围产期结局和随后的2型糖尿病的风险时,需要考虑这些差异。
OBJECTIVE: Short- and long-term outcomes in women after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) vary by ethnicity. Understanding differences in baseline diabetes risk factors is important for informing choice of risk-reducing interventions. We aimed to compare maternal and pregnancy-related characteristics in Caucasian and non-Caucasian women with GDM.
METHODS: Using a large multicentre Canadian cohort of women diagnosed with GDM and recruited between 2009 and 2013, we compared demographic, clinical and behavioural characteristics in women with GDM across 7 ethnic groups. Data were obtained from chart reviews and surveys, and logistic and linear regression models were used to compare binary and continuous variables, respectively, between Caucasian and non-Caucasian ethnic groups.
RESULTS: Of the 1,332 women with GDM, 911 were eligible for inclusion. Of these, 41.4% were white Caucasian, 17.1% were South Asian, 18.4% were East Asian, 5.8% were black, 8.8% were Filipina, 5.2% were Middle Eastern and 3.3% were Hispanic. Non-Caucasian women were diagnosed with GDM at a younger age and were more likely to have a family history of diabetes compared with Caucasian women. With the exception of East Asians, non-Caucasian women were more likely to be overweight using ethnicity-specific body mass index cutoffs and have higher oral glucose tolerance test values than Caucasian women. Prepregnancy smoking and alcohol consumption prevalence were highest in Caucasian women.
CONCLUSIONS: Several important ethnicity-specific differences in clinical and behavioural characteristics of women with GDM were identified. These differences need to be considered when offering interventions for reducing risk of adverse perinatal outcomes and subsequent type 2 diabetes.