纳米酶自己惊人的优点,包括高酶模拟活性,稳定性好,和低成本。由于强大而独特的功能,纳米酶在生物传感和免疫分析领域具有广泛的应用,吸引各个领域的研究人员来设计和制造纳米酶。最近,nanozymes已被创新地用于桥接纳米技术与分析技术,以实现高灵敏度,特异性,和再现性。然而,纳米酶在食品中的应用很少。在这次审查中,我们总结了几种典型的纳米酶,并提供了历史的全面描述,原则,设计,以及基于纳米酶的分析技术在食品污染物检测中的应用。基于纳米酶的工程和修饰,对食品污染物进行分类,然后通过区分纳米酶在各种分析方法中的作用进行详细讨论,包括荧光,比色和电化学测定,表面增强拉曼散射,磁弛豫传感,和电化学发光。Further,强调了基于纳米酶的方法的代表性例子,用于污染物分析和抑制。最后,讨论了纳米酶的当前挑战和前景。
Nanozymes own striking merits, including high enzyme-mimicking activity, good stability, and low cost. Due to the powerful and distinguished functions, nanozymes exhibit widespread applications in the field of biosensing and immunoassay, attracting researchers in various fields to design and engineer nanozymes. Recently, nanozymes have been innovatively used to bridge nanotechnology with analytical techniques to achieve the high sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility. However, the applications of nanozymes in food applications are seldom reviewed. In this review, we summarize several typical nanozymes and provide a comprehensive description of the history, principles, designs, and applications of nanozyme-based analytical techniques in food contaminants detection. Based on engineering and modification of nanozymes, the food contaminants are classified and then discussed in detail via discriminating the roles of nanozymes in various analytical methods, including fluorescence, colorimetric and electrochemical assay, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, magnetic relaxing sensing, and electrochemiluminescence. Further, representative examples of nanozymes-based methods are highlighted for contaminants analysis and inhibition. Finally, the current challenges and prospects of nanozymes are discussed.