UNASSIGNED: The digital divide is the difference between individuals who use the Internet and those who do not. Under the triple social environment of urban-rural dichotomy, population aging, and the digital era in China, the existence of digital divide among rural older adults has seriously affected their access to health information through the Internet, so it is urgent to bridge the digital divide problem they face.
UNASSIGNED: Based on Maslow\'s Hierarchy of Needs Theory and Stress Coping Theory, the impact of cultural capital on the digital divide among rural older adults was systematically analyzed using hierarchical regression and Chained Mediation Effect Tests using data from the Chinese Family Panel Studies (CFPS).
UNASSIGNED: Cultural capital has a significant positive effect on the digital divide among rural older adults (β = 0.178, p < 0.01). Cognitive ability and economic capacity both play independent intermediary effects between cultural capital and digital divide among rural older adults, and the intermediary chain formed by the two plays a chain intermediary effect. The increase in the cultural capital of rural older adults has led to an increase in their cognitive ability and economic capacity, which ultimately has a favorable effect on the bridging of the digital divide. Heterogeneity results suggest that cultural capital is more effective in bridging the digital divide among male rural older adults aged 60-69.
UNASSIGNED: Cultural capital is able to bridge the digital divide faced by rural older adults and is age and gender heterogeneous. At the same time, improved cognitive ability and economic capacity can also help rural older adults bridge the digital divide. Therefore, it is proposed that we increase the construction of public cultural service infrastructure in rural areas, liaise with community neighborhood committees and village committees to do a good job of publicity, improve training measures for key groups, and maintain the enthusiasm of rural older adults for learning, so as to provide references for the rural older adults in China and developing countries in general to bridge the digital divide.

UNASSIGNED: Executive functions are important factors that affect the well-being of children with ADHD. Therefore, inclusion of a convenient assessment of executive dysfunction in diagnosis and treatment of ADHD patients is warranted. However, executive dysfunction assessment presently relies on lab-based neuropsychological tests and symptom rating scales. The present study examined the potential of a 3-D action puzzle video game to reflect ecologically valid executive functioning in pediatric ADHD patients.
UNASSIGNED: Participant gameplay metrics were compared to both their Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and Conners 3 Parent Form\'s executive functioning subscale scores. Participants consisted of 33 ADHD and non-ADHD patients aged 8-21.
UNASSIGNED: Metrics from gameplay were associated with distinct CANTAB test scores, and a composite score from gameplay was significantly correlated with executive dysfunction from Conners 3.
UNASSIGNED: For children with ADHD, cognitive domains related to executive function and overall real-life executive functioning appear to both be measurable via video games. It may be possible to develop individualized behavioral therapy based on the quantitative data obtained from the video game used in this study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate predictors of language and reading outcomes in 12-year-old Swedish children born very preterm (<32 gestational weeks) in 2004-2007.
METHODS: Children born very preterm (n = 78, 43 girls), and term-born controls (n = 50, 32 girls), were examined on verbal IQ, semantic and phonemic fluency, sentence recall, reading fluency, word and phonological decoding at 12 years of age. The results were related to neonatal characteristics, language development, measured with Bayley-III, at 2.5 years corrected age, and concurrent non-verbal IQ.
RESULTS: Preterm children showed language and reading difficulties that were not completely accounted for by level of concurrent non-verbal IQ. Extremely preterm born children (<28 gestational weeks) demonstrated specific linguistic weaknesses. Administration of antenatal steroids, retinopathy of prematurity and persistent ductus arteriosus explained unique variance in language and reading outcomes. Language assessments at 2.5 years had low predictive value for language and reading outcomes at age 12.
CONCLUSIONS: Language and reading difficulties in 12-year-old children born preterm were not fully explained by concurrent non-verbal IQ, and were not reliably predicted by language assessments at 2.5 years. Renewed language assessments at school age are warranted for identifying children with persisting linguistic difficulties.

The term immersive technology refers to various types of technologies and perspectives that are constantly changing and developing. It can be used for different purposes and domains such as education, healthcare, entertainment, arts, and engineering. This paper aims to compare the effectiveness of immersive technologies used in education, namely mixed reality, generated with Microsoft HoloLens 2, with traditional teaching methods. The experiment involves comparing two groups of students who received different training methods: the first group saw a PowerPoint slide with an image of the human muscular system, while the second group saw a 3D hologram of the human body that showed the same muscle groups as in the PowerPoint (PPT). By integrating the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) levels of the participants as a predictive variable, the study sought to ascertain whether the incorporation of mixed reality technology could significantly influence the learning outcomes and retention capabilities of the learners. This investigation was designed to contribute to the evolving pedagogical landscape by providing empirical evidence on the potential benefits of advanced educational technologies in diverse learning environments. The main finding of this study indicates that while MR has potential, its effectiveness is closely tied to its interactivity. In cases where the content remains static and non-interactive, MR does not significantly enhance in-formation retention compared to traditional PPT methods. Additionally, the study highlights that instructional strategies should be adapted to individual cognitive profiles, as the technology type (MR or PPT) alone does not significantly impact learning outcomes when the information presented is identical.

This study aims to explore the impact of Internet use on the mental health of older adults and its pathway mechanisms and to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for improving the mental health of older adults and better realizing active aging. Using cross-sectional data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey, 6722 older adults over 60 were finally included. We conducted descriptive and correlation analyses of the data; we analyzed the correlation of Internet use on the depression level and cognitive ability of older adults using seemingly unrelated regression; we further explored the mediating role of socialization frequency in the relationship between Internet use and the depression level and cognitive ability of older adults and its differences through mediation analysis. The results showed that the mean age of older adults in this study was (68.52 ± 5.97), the mean Internet use score was (1.12 ± 1.63), the mean depression score was (8.44 ± 6.31), and the mean cognitive score was (12.17 ± 3.27). Internet use had a positive impact on the mental health of older adults, including lowering depression (β = -0.275, P < 0.05) and improving cognition (β = 0.300, P < 0.05). Socialization frequency mediated the relationship between Internet use and depression/cognitive ability (95 % CI = -0.034 to -0.008, 95 % CI = 0.007-0.022). Therefore, it is essential to encourage older adults to use the Internet, actively integrate into the digital society, promote wise aging, share the fruits of technological development, and utilize the Internet to maintain the mental health of older adults.

Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) poses a global health threat, progressively robbing patients of their memory and cognitive abilities. While it is recognized that meaningful social contact can alleviate the symptoms of dementia in AD patients, the precise mechanisms by which social stimulation mitigates AD symptoms remain poorly understood. We found that social interaction with novel mice, also known as novel social, simulated meaningful socializing. Therefore, we developed the multiple novel social (MNS) stimulation paradigm to train AD model mice and found that MNS effectively alleviated cognitive deficits in AD mice. This discovery not only opens up a new avenue for investigating the relationship between social stimulation and Alzheimer\'s disease but also lays the groundwork for delving into the underlying mechanisms, thereby providing crucial theoretical support for developing novel strategies to treat Alzheimer\'s disease. Key features • Designing a new social stimulation method to simulate meaningful social interactions in daily life. • The MNS stimulation protocol spans 14 days, with one novel mouse introduced to the subject mice each day. • The subjects were 2.5-month-old FAD4T mice, simulating patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). • Results of behavioral tests confirm the efficacy of MNS in reducing cognitive deficits in the AD model. This protocol is used in: J Neurosci (2024), DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1689-23.2024.

UNASSIGNED: To investigate the impact of substituting screen time with other activities on children\'s cognitive ability.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 583 children (299 males and 284 females), aged 3-6 years, were selected as participants. Correlation, regression, and isochronic substitution analyses were used.
UNASSIGNED: Screen entertainment time on TV (SET_TV) was negatively associated with children\'s math ability. However, screen learning time on other electronic devices besides TV (SLT_OED) and non-screen learning time by learning alone (NSLT_LA) were positively associated with math ability and language ability. After controlling for gender, age, and family socio-economic status, SET_TV remained negatively associated with math ability, while NSLT_LA remained positively correlated. Furthermore, substituting 10 min of SET_TV with NSLT_LA resulted in an increase of 0.55 in language ability and 0.87 in math ability. Similarly, substituting SLT_OED, sleeping at home, and exercising outside of kindergarten for 10 min of SET_TV resulted in an increase of 0.90, 0.43, and 0.61 in math ability, respectively.
UNASSIGNED: There are cognitive benefits when screen recreation time is replaced with screen learning time, non-screen learning time, sleep time, and exercise time, with the highest benefits observed when screen recreation time is substituted with NSLT_LA.

Motor and physical fitness play a crucial role to optimize the player performance in the soccer game. Implementing a customized workout schedule targeting Motophysic Fitness (MPF) helps to elevate their on-field performance. The present study was aimed to assess the impact of a 12-week MPF Training program targeted to have improvements in physical fitness for elite soccer players. MPF training program was implemented during the off-season for youth soccer players with average age (20 ± 1 years), height (1.75 ± 0.5 m) weight (64.3 ± 5.7 kg). Soccer-related fitness traits were assessed to evaluate performance levels, while Electroencephalography (EEG) was utilized for cognitive assessment. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the outcome of the fitness traits. Significant improvements were observed across diverse fitness traits, with mean values increasing by a minimum of 2 % and a maximum of 5 %. Speed emerged as a predominant contributor, showing a robust correlation (Adjusted R2 = 0.84), while agility, strength, power, endurance, balance, coordination, and reaction time also displayed substantial improvements. Despite observable gains in flexibility, its impact on overall fitness appeared comparatively modest (Adjusted R2 = 0.23). Z-test confirmed the statistical significance of all fitness assessments post-MPF, with p-values less than 0.05 for each test. Features extracted from EEG highlighted the improvement in cognitive ability before and after training.

BACKGROUND: Serious games (SGs) are nonpharmacological interventions that are widely applied among older adults. To date, no evidence has been published regarding the effect of digital SGs on cognitive ability, daily behavioral capacity, or depression in older adults with Alzheimer\'s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the effect of SGs on older adults with AD and MCI by summarizing and pooling the results of previous studies.
METHODS: This meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of digital SGs in improving cognitive ability, enhancing daily behavioral capacity, and alleviating depression in older adults with AD and MCI. We searched the following databases up to December 31, 2023, to identify relevant high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs): PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Stata 15.1 and Review Manager 5.3 were used to screen the 14 studies, extract data, code the data, and perform meta-analysis. Mean differences and standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% CIs were used to calculate continuous variables. The Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. Eligibility criteria were developed in accordance with the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study Design framework: (1) population (older adults with AD and MCI), (2) intervention (digital SG intervention), (3) comparison (digital SG intervention vs routine health care), (4) outcomes (cognitive ability, daily behavioral capacity, and depression), and (5) study or research design (RCT). Sensitivity analysis was performed, and a funnel plot was constructed.
RESULTS: From January 2017 to December 2023, we enrolled 714 individuals across 14 RCTs, with 374 (52.4%) in the severe game group using digital SGs and 340 (47.6%) in the control group using traditional methods. The results of our meta-analysis indicated that using digital SGs in older adults with AD and MCI is more effective than traditional training methods in several key areas. Specifically, digital SG therapy significantly increased cognitive ability, as found in the Mini-Mental State Examination (SMD 2.11, 95% CI 1.42-2.80; P<.001) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (SMD 2.75, 95% CI 1.98-3.51; P<.001), significantly increased daily behavioral capacity (SMD 0.53, 95% CI 0.06-0.99; P=.03), and significantly reduced depression (SMD -2.08, 95% CI -2.94 to -1.22; P<.001) in older adults with AD and MCI. No publication bias was detected based on the results of Begg and Egger tests.
CONCLUSIONS: Digital SGs offer a viable and effective nonpharmacological approach for older adults with AD and MCI, yielding better results compared to traditional formats. However, caution is warranted in interpreting these findings due to limited RCTs, small sample sizes, and low-quality meta-analyzed evidence.
BACKGROUND: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews: CRDCRD42023486090; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=486090.

UNASSIGNED: Exergames are an innovative method that can promote neuroplasticity and improve the cognitive abilities of the elderly. This study aimed to compare the effects of single-task and multi-task exergames on the cognitive ability of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
UNASSIGNED: Computerized literature search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, Elsevier, ProQuest, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and VIP database to identify relevant articles from the establishment of the database from inception to April 1, 2024. The inclusion criteria were: (i) participants aged 60 or older diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment, regardless of gender; (ii) use of randomized controlled trials (RCTs); (iii) interventions involving exergames with physical activity or as the primary variable; and (iv) outcome measures using standardized neuropsychological instruments to assess cognitive function, including statistical data on sample size, mean, and standard deviation. Finally, the included study comprised a total of 526 participants. Mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to synthesize the effect size in the data.
UNASSIGNED: 11 studies were included. Due to the differences in the intervention methods, subgroup analysis was performed on the included research. Compared with the control group assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, the single-task intervention improved the cognitive ability of the elderly with MCI (MD 3.40, 95% CI 2.43-4.37), the Mini-Mental State Examination Scale (MD 2.38, 95% CI -2.03 to 2.72), the Trail Making Test (MD -3.89, 95% CI -6.45 to -1.33), and the Digit Span Forward test (MD 1.16, 95% CI 0.73-1.60).
UNASSIGNED: This meta-analysis supports that exergames could be an effective cognitive rehabilitation method for MCI patients. Our study recommends that patients implement a customized exergames program and adhere to it for a long time. It is necessary to pay attention to the exercise guidelines and provide evidence from clinicians.
UNASSIGNED: (1) This meta-analysis supports that exergames could be an effective cognitive rehabilitation method for MCI patients. Our study recommends that patients implement a customized exergames program and adhere to it for a long time. It is necessary to pay attention to the exercise guidelines and provide evidence from clinicians. (2) This research provides preliminary evidence for the clinical utility of VR tasks developed for mild cognitive impairment. (3) In this paper, only relevant studies in Chinese and English were searched, and no studies in other languages were searched.