目的:在发达国家,人们越来越重视医疗保健专业人员(HCPs)在管理心血管代谢危险因素以减少移民健康差距方面的作用。这项范围界定审查旨在分析有关HCP知识的证据,态度,以及管理发达国家东南亚(SEA)移民心脏代谢危险因素的实践(KAP)。
方法:从开始到2023年7月17日的主要研究,来自四个数据库:PubMed/Medline,Embase,PsycINFO,包括CINAHL。这篇评论遵循了乔安娜·布里格斯研究所(JBI)的范围审查方法,并按照PRISMA-ScR进行了报告。
结果:在619项确定的研究中,七个符合纳入标准。所有研究都讨论了HCPs的知识,六个探索的态度,和三个描述了特定于SEA移民的做法。提取的数据使用描述性定性内容分析进行分析,并分为障碍和促进因素。障碍包括文化不和谐和文化适应挑战(患者水平);文化理解上的差距,沟通和临床技能(医疗团队水平);有限的移民特定资源(组织水平);和资金限制(环境水平)。促进者包括社区和提供者支持(患者级别),意识和愿望,以提供移民特定的护理(医疗团队水平),文化上适当的服务的可用性(组织层面),以及多元文化议程和政策(环境层面)。
结论:照顾患有心脏代谢综合征的SEA移民的HCP所面临的障碍和促进因素与其他移民群体有相似之处。未来的研究集中在涉及移民患者的联合制作上,他们的社区,和医疗服务设计中的HCP需要支持HCP提供文化上适当的护理和促进健康公平,无论种族,文化,或语言背景。
OBJECTIVE: There is a growing emphasis on healthcare professionals\' (HCPs) role in managing cardiometabolic risk factors to reduce health disparity for immigrants in developed countries. This scoping review aimed to analyse evidence about HCPs\' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of managing cardiometabolic risk factors among Southeast Asian (SEA) immigrants in developed countries.
METHODS: Primary studies from inception to July 17, 2023, from four databases: PubMed/Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were included. This review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology and reported in line with PRISMA-ScR.
RESULTS: Of 619 identified studies, seven met the inclusion criteria. All studies discussed HCPs\' knowledge, six explored attitudes, and three described practices specific to SEA immigrants. The extracted data were analysed using descriptive qualitative content analysis and classified into barriers and facilitators. Barriers included cultural discordance and acculturation challenges (patient level); gaps in cultural understanding, communication and clinical skills (healthcare team level); limited immigrant-specific resources (organisation level); and funding constraints (environment level). Facilitators included community and provider support (patient level), awareness and desires to provide immigrant-specific care (healthcare team level), availability of culturally appropriate services (organisation level), and multicultural agendas and policies (environment level).
CONCLUSIONS: The barriers and facilitators faced by HCPs caring for SEA immigrants with cardiometabolic syndromes share similarities with other immigrant groups. Future research focused on co-production involving immigrant patients, their communities, and HCPs in healthcare service design is required to support HCPs in providing culturally appropriate care and promoting health equity regardless of ethnic, cultural, or linguistic backgrounds.