近年来,对全氟壬烯氧基苯磺酸钠(OBS)已成为全氟辛烷磺酸的替代品,在中国市场上有大量的需求和应用。然而,对OBS的潜在发育影响知之甚少。在这项研究中,斑马鱼胚胎急性暴露于不同浓度的OBS和阳性对照PFOS进行比较发育毒性评估。OBS导致孵化延迟,身体轴曲率,神经行为抑制和异常心血管发育。这些生物效应伴随着发育相关基因表达谱的变化,其中一些病例与全氟辛烷磺酸相似。总的来说,OBS的毒性作用一般比全氟辛烷磺酸温和。进一步的调查表明,OBS和全氟辛烷磺酸都破坏了纤毛生成,睫状免疫染色证明,驱动蛋白家族基因表达的变化,动力蛋白手臂家族和微管蛋白家族成员,以及下调包括KIF3C在内的运动蛋白的丰度,DYNC1H1和DYNC1LI1。PFOS对纤毛基因和蛋白质的影响强于OBS。分子对接分析显示,OBS和全氟辛烷磺酸都与运动蛋白紧密匹配,但OBS与运动蛋白的结合亲和力低于PFOS。总的来说,OBS和PFOS可能作用于纤毛运动蛋白干扰纤毛生成,导致纤毛功能障碍,并提供与发育毒性相关的新的可能的作用模式。这引起了人们对新型全氟辛烷磺酸替代品OBS的健康风险的担忧。
In recent years, sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate (OBS) has emerged as a substitute for PFOS with large demand and application in the Chinese market. However, little is known about potential developmental effects of OBS. In this study, zebrafish embryos were acutely exposed to different concentrations of OBS and the positive control PFOS for a comparative developmental toxicity assessment. OBS caused hatching delays, body axis curvature, neurobehavioral inhibition and abnormal cardiovascular development. These organismal effects were accompanied by change of development related genes expression profile, in which some cases were similar to PFOS. Overall, the toxic effects induced by OBS were generally milder than that of PFOS. Further investigation suggested that both OBS and PFOS disrupted ciliogenesis, evidenced by the ciliary immunostaining, changes in gene expression of kinesin family, dynein arm family and tubulin family members, as well as downregulation of the abundance of motor proteins including KIF3C, DYNC1H1 and DYNC1LI1. The influence of PFOS was stronger than that of OBS on ciliary genes and proteins. Molecular docking analysis revealed that both OBS and PFOS fitted into the motor proteins tightly, but binding affinity between OBS and motor proteins was lower than PFOS. Collectively, OBS and PFOS may act on ciliary motor proteins to interfere with ciliogenesis, leading to ciliary dysfunction and providing a novel probable action mode linked to developmental toxicity. This raises concerns regarding the health risks of the novel PFOS alternative OBS.