头孢物种是众所周知的植物病原体,可在许多经济栽培的植物中引起红锈或藻类斑病,这些植物生长在阴暗和潮湿的环境中。尽管流行,这些病原体的适应性进化仍然知之甚少。我们对三个Cephaleuro进行了测序和表征(Cephaleurolagerheimii,头颅差异,和头孢菌素)叶绿体基因组,并将它们与以前报道的七个叶绿体基因组进行了比较。拉格海米的叶绿体序列,C.差异,病毒基因为480,613bp,383,846个基点,长度为472,444bp,分别。这些叶绿体基因组编码94个基因,包括27个tRNA基因,3个rRNA基因,和64个蛋白质编码基因。比较分析发现,基因组大小的变化主要是由于基因间间隔序列的长度,其次是内含子。此外,几个高度可变的区域(trnY-GTA,trnL-TAG,peta,psbT,trnD-GTC,trnL-TAA,ccsA,petG,psaA,psaB,rps11,rps2和rps14)被鉴定。密码子偏倚分析显示,Cephaleuro的密码子使用模式主要由自然选择形成。此外,六个叶绿体蛋白编码基因(atpF,chlN,psaA,psaB,psbA,和rbcL)被确定为处于正选择下,表明它们可能在Cephaleuros适应低光强度栖息地中起着至关重要的作用。
Cephaleuros species are well-known as plant pathogens that cause red rust or algae spot diseases in many economically cultivated plants that grow in shady and humid environments. Despite their prevalence, the adaptive evolution of these pathogens remains poorly understood. We sequenced and characterized three Cephaleuros (Cephaleuros lagerheimii, Cephaleuros diffusus, and Cephaleuros virescens)
chloroplast genomes, and compared them with seven previously reported
chloroplast genomes. The
chloroplast sequences of C. lagerheimii, C. diffusus, and C. virescens were 480,613 bp, 383,846 bp, and 472,444 bp in length, respectively. These
chloroplast genomes encoded 94 genes, including 27 tRNA genes, 3 rRNA genes, and 64 protein-coding genes. Comparative analysis uncovered that the variation in genome size was principally due to the length of intergenic spacer sequences, followed by introns. Furthermore, several highly variable regions (trnY-GTA, trnL-TAG, petA, psbT, trnD-GTC, trnL-TAA, ccsA, petG, psaA, psaB, rps11, rps2, and rps14) were identified. Codon bias analysis revealed that the codon usage pattern of Cephaleuros is predominantly shaped by natural selection. Additionally, six
chloroplast protein-coding genes (atpF, chlN, psaA, psaB, psbA, and rbcL) were determined to be under positive selection, suggesting they may play a vital roles in the adaptation of Cephaleuros to low-light intensity habitats.