背景:在全球范围内,创伤性脑损伤是导致死亡和残疾的主要原因,每年影响超过6900万人。
目的:本研究旨在评估在阿姆哈拉地区州立综合专科医院接受治疗的成年患者创伤性脑损伤的结局和相关因素。
方法:基于机构的横断面研究设计于2018年1月1日至2020年12月30日进行。使用了一种简单的随机抽样技术,并使用了清单来提取2021年3月15日至4月15日之间的数据。将数据输入Epi-data版本4.2,并在检查一致性后导出到SPSS版本25进行分析。通过二元逻辑回归模型确定与创伤性脑损伤结果相关的变量。关联程度通过使用AOR进行解释,并且在95%CI下p值小于或等于0.05的95%置信区间被认为具有统计学意义。
结果:在这项研究中,道路交通损伤是成人患者创伤性脑损伤的最常见原因,占181(37.5%),接着是袭击,占117(24.2%),影响成人年龄组。三分之一的参与者患有中度格拉斯哥昏迷量表174(36%)。只有128名(26.8%)患者在一小时内到达。一百六十,160例(33.1%)患者有轻度创伤性脑损伤,然而,149(36%)的患者患有严重的颅脑外伤。关于计算机断层扫描的发现,血肿最为常见(n=163,33.7%)。91,91(18.8%)的参与者有脑脊液耳漏,and,92(19%)被诊断为积极的战斗迹象。创伤性脑损伤后不良结局的总体患病率为35.2%(95CI(30.8-39.1)。额外的伤害,缺氧,24小时后到医院就诊的时间,严重的格拉斯哥昏迷量表,中度格拉斯哥昏迷量表,呼吸急促,呼吸缓慢,脑脊液漏出,是与不良结局相关的因素。
结论:在这项研究中,大约每10名创伤性脑损伤患者中就有4人经历了总体不利的结局.到达时间>24小时,低格拉斯哥昏迷等级,额外伤害,脑脊液耳漏,呼吸异常,缺氧是不良结局的显著预测因子。减少成人创伤性脑损伤的不良影响,因此,希望确保安全的道路交通流量和改善医疗保健服务。
Globally, traumatic brain injury is the leading cause of death and disability which affects more than 69 million individuals a year.
This study aimed to assess the outcome and associated factors of traumatic brain injury among adult patients treated in Amhara regional state comprehensive specialized hospitals.
Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from January 1, 2018, to December 30, 2020. A simple random sampling technique was used and a checklist was used to extract data between March 15 and April 15, 2021. The data were entered into Epi-data version 4.2 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis after being checked for consistency. Associated variables with outcomes of traumatic brain injury were determined by a binary logistic regression model. The degree of association was interpreted by using AOR and a 95% confidence interval with a p-value less than or equal to 0.05 at 95% CI was considered statistically significant.
In this study road traffic injury was the most frequent cause of traumatic brain injuries among adult patients, accounting for 181 (37.5%), followed by assault, accounting for 117 (24.2%) which affects adult age groups. One-third of the participant had a moderate Glasgow coma scale of 174(36%). Only 128(26.8%) patients arrived within one hour. One hundred sixty, 160 (33.1%) of patients had a mild traumatic brain injury, whereas, 149(36%) of patients had a severe traumatic brain injury. Regarding computerized tomography scans findings, the hematoma was the most common (n = 163, 33.7%). Ninety-one, 91(18.8%) of participants had cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea, and, 92(19%) were diagnosed with a positive battle sign. The overall prevalence of unfavorable outcomes after traumatic brain injury was found to be 35.2% (95%CI (30.8-39.1). Having additional Injury, hypoxia, time to hospital presentation after 24 h, severe Glasgow Coma Scale, moderate Glasgow Coma Scale, tachypnea, bradypnea, and cerebrospinal fluid Othorrhea, were factors associated with unfavorable outcomes.
In this study, the overall unfavorable outcome was experienced by about four out of every 10 victims of traumatic brain injury. Time of arrival > 24 h, low Glasgow coma scale, additional injury, Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea, abnormal respiration, and hypoxia were significant predictors of unfavorable outcomes. To reduce the adverse effects of traumatic brain injury in adults, it is therefore desirable to guarantee safe road traffic flow and improve health care services.