鸡甲虫侵入大脑并导致致命的原发性阿米巴脑膜脑炎(PAM)。尽管其高死亡率约为97%,尚未开发出有效的PAM治疗药物。使用米替福辛的方法,两性霉素B,和其他抗菌药物已经在临床上尝试治疗PAM,但其疗效尚不清楚.迫切需要开发一种有效且安全的PAM治疗药物。在这项研究中,我们研究了松叶提取物(PLE)对鸡群的抗阿米巴活性。PLE诱导了鸡滋养体的显着形态变化,导致变形虫死亡.PLE对家禽N.Fowleri的IC50为62.3±0.95μg/ml。或者,PLE没有显着影响大鼠神经胶质细胞系C6的活力。转录组分析揭示了PLE处理和未处理的变形虫之间的差异表达基因(DEGs)。总共确定了5,846个DEG,其中2189个上调,在PLE治疗的变形虫中,有3,657例下调。DEGs被分类为生物过程(1,742个基因),细胞成分(1,237个基因),基于基因本体分析的分子功能(846个基因),表明PLE可能极大地改变了变形虫的生物学和细胞功能,并导致了它们的死亡。这些结果表明PLE具有抗N。fowleri活性,可能被认为是开发PAM治疗药物的潜在候选者。它还可以用作补充化合物以增强目前用于治疗PAM的药物的治疗功效。
Naegleria fowleri invades the brain and causes a fatal primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Despite its high mortality rate of approximately 97%, an effective therapeutic drug for PAM has not been developed. Approaches with miltefosine, amphotericin B, and other antimicrobials have been clinically attempted to treat PAM, but their therapeutic efficacy remains unclear. The development of an effective and safe therapeutic drug for PAM is urgently needed. In this study, we investigated the anti-amoebic activity of Pinus densiflora leaf extract (PLE) against N. fowleri. PLE induced significant morphological changes in N. fowleri trophozoites, resulting in the death of the amoeba. The IC50 of PLE on N. fowleri was 62.3±0.95 μg/ml. Alternatively, PLE did not significantly affect the viability of the rat glial cell line C6. Transcriptome analysis revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PLE-treated and non-treated amoebae. A total of 5,846 DEGs were identified, of which 2,189 were upregulated, and 3,657 were downregulated in the PLE-treated amoebae. The DEGs were categorized into biological process (1,742 genes), cellular component (1,237 genes), and molecular function (846 genes) based on the gene ontology analysis, indicating that PLE may have dramatically altered the biological and cellular functions of the amoeba and contributed to their death. These results suggest that PLE has anti-N. fowleri activity and may be considered as a potential candidate for the development of therapeutic drugs for PAM. It may also be used as a supplement compound to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of drugs currently used to treat PAM.