解决全球碳排放和促进可持续能源解决方案的迫切需要导致人们对二氧化碳(CO2)转化技术的兴趣日益增长。其中,CO2转化为甲醇(MeOH)已成为一种有效的缓解策略。本文对CO2直接利用合成MeOH的最新进展和应用进行了全面的探索,涵盖从催化剂到市场分析的各个方面,环境影响,和未来的前景。我们首先介绍二氧化碳减排策略的现状,强调通过MeOH生产进行碳回收的重要性。本文深入研究了将CO2转化为MeOH背后的化学和技术,涵盖关键主题,如原料选择,材料和能源供应,以及各种转换过程,包括化学,电化学,光化学,和光电化学途径。提供了用于MeOH合成的多相和均相催化剂的深入分析,揭示了每种方法的优缺点。此外,我们探索了二氧化碳加氢成甲醇的不同途径,强调与这种可持续转型相关的技术进步和生产工艺。由于MeOH在广泛的化学应用中具有关键作用,并成为有前途的运输燃料,这篇论文探讨了它的各种化学用途,交通运输,storage,和分配,以及不断发展的MeOH市场。讨论了CO2转化为MeOH的环境和能源影响,包括对大规模催化氢化过程的热力学分析以及成本和能量评估。
The urgent need to address global carbon emissions and promote sustainable energy solutions has led to a growing interest in carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion technologies. Among these, the transformation of CO2 into methanol (MeOH) has gained prominence as an effective mitigation strategy. This review paper provides a comprehensive exploration of recent advances and applications in the direct utilization of CO2 for the synthesis of MeOH, encompassing various aspects from
catalysts to market analysis, environmental impact, and future prospects. We begin by introducing the current state of CO2 mitigation strategies, highlighting the significance of carbon recycling through MeOH production. The paper delves into the chemistry and technology behind the conversion of CO2 into MeOH, encompassing key themes such as feedstock selection, material and energy supply, and the various conversion processes, including chemical, electrochemical, photochemical, and photoelectrochemical pathways. An in-depth analysis of heterogeneous and homogeneous
catalysts for MeOH synthesis is provided, shedding light on the advantages and drawbacks of each. Furthermore, we explore diverse routes for CO2 hydrogenation into MeOH, emphasizing the technological advances and production processes associated with this sustainable transformation. As MeOH holds a pivotal role in a wide range of chemical applications and emerges as a promising transportation fuel, the paper explores its various chemical uses, transportation, storage, and distribution, as well as the evolving MeOH market. The environmental and energy implications of CO2 conversion to MeOH are discussed, including a thermodynamic analysis of the process and cost and energy evaluations for large-scale catalytic hydrogenation.