目的:了解北京体育大学新生高尿酸血症的患病情况,探讨大学生高尿酸血症的影响因素。
方法:研究时间为2021年9月至2022.3372名北京体育大学2021级新生作为研究对象,并在非同日进行两次血尿酸检测,计算人群患病率,采用病例对照方法探讨大学生人群高尿酸血症的危险因素.从高尿酸血症人群中抽取246人,采用方便抽样的方法纳入病例组,从非高尿酸血症人群中选择211人作为对照组。他们被纳入对照组,进行了身体检查和实验室检查,并进行了回顾性调查,问卷包括一般信息,如年龄,性别,专业,出生地,与高尿酸血症有关的饮食,对高尿酸血症的认识,身体活动水平,和睡眠。使用卡方分析进行统计分析,单向Logistic回归分析,多因素Logistic回归分析。
结果:非同日两次血尿酸检测实际诊断为高尿酸血症的患者为479例,人群患病率为14.21%。其中,患病人群中男性人数为391人(22.39%),患病人群中女性人数为88人(5.41%)。共有457名受试者参加了病例对照研究,其中,病例组246人(男性218人,女性28人,平均年龄19.74岁),对照组211人(男性177人,女性34人,平均年龄19.93岁),案件组中有247人,对照组为211,并纳入2组受试者。共211个科目,两组在性别构成和年龄分布方面无显著差异。单因素logistic回归分析显示中心性肥胖(OR=31.52,95CI7.59-130.86),肥胖(OR=2.59,95CI1.20-5.58),超重(OR=1.67,95CI1.08-2.59),经常食用新鲜蔬菜(OR=0.66,95CI0.43-0.99),每天饮用1500-2000mL水(OR=0.63,95CI0.41-0.95)与高尿酸血症有关,并对上述因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析,最后是中心性肥胖(OR=32.05,95CI7.65-134.20),BMI肥胖(OR=3.22,95CI1.44-7.20),模型中包括1500-2000mL的每日水摄入量(OR=0.60,95CI0.37-0.95),P=0.05。
结论:目前高尿酸血症在大学生人群中的高患病率,这在男大学生中更为普遍。肥胖和中心性肥胖是青年大学生高尿酸血症的危险因素,每天1500-2000毫升的饮水量是一个保护因素。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia among freshmen enrolled in Beijing Sport University and to explore the influencing factors of hyperuricemia in the college population.
METHODS: The study period was from September 2021 to February 2022.3372 freshmen of the class of 2021 from Beijing Sport University in Beijing were selected as the study subjects, and two blood uric acid tests were performed on non-same days to calculate the prevalence of the population and to explore the risk factors of hyperuricemia in the college student population using a case-control method.246 people were selected from the hyperuricemia patients of the population to be included in the case group by convenience sampling, and 211 people were selected from the non-hyperuricemia persons of the population to be included in the control group. They were included in the control group, underwent physical and laboratory examinations, and were retrospectively surveyed with questionnaires that included general information such as age, gender, specialty, place of birth, and diet related to hyperuricemia, awareness of hyperuricemia disease, physical activity level, and sleep. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square analysis, one-way Logistic regression analysis, and multi-factor logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: The number of patients actually diagnosed with hyperuricemia by two blood uric acid tests on non-same days was 479, with a population prevalence rate of 14.21%. Among them, the number of males in the diseased population was 391(22.39%), and the number of females in the diseased population was 88(5.41%). A total of 457 subjects were enrolled in the case-control study, among them, 246 in the case group(218 males and 28 females, average age 19.74 years), 211 in the control group(177 males and 34 females, average age 19.93 years), and 247 in the case group, 211 in the control group, and 2 groups of subjects were included. A total of 211 subjects, and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of gender composition and age distribution. One-way logistic regression analysis showed that central obesity(OR=31.52, 95%CI 7.59-130.86), obesity(OR=2.59, 95%CI 1.20-5.58), overweight(OR=1.67, 95%CI 1.08-2.59), frequent consumption of fresh vegetables(OR=0.66, 95%CI 0.43-0.99), and drinking 1500-2000 mL of water per day(OR=0.63, 95%CI 0.41-0.95) were associated with hyperuricemia, and multifactorial Logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the above factors, and finally central obesity(OR=32.05, 95%CI 7.65-134.20), BMI obesity(OR=3.22, 95%CI 1.44-7.20), and daily water intake of 1500-2000 mL(OR=0.60, 95%CI 0.37-0.95) were included in the model at the level of P=0.05.
CONCLUSIONS: The current high prevalence of hyperuricemia in the college student population, which is more prevalent in male college students. Obesity and central obesity are risk factors for hyperuricemia in young college students, and daily water intake of 1500-2000 mL is a protective factor.