The objectives of our study were to examine recreational screen time behavior before and 2 years following the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, and explore whether components of the capability-opportunity-motivation-behavior (COM-B) model would predict changes in this recreational screen time behavior profile over the 2-year period. This cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted in March 2022. Canadian adults (n = 977) completed an online survey that collected demographic information, current screen time behavior, screen time behavior prior to the pandemic, and beliefs about capability, opportunities, and motivation for limiting screen time based on the COM-B model. We found that post-pandemic recreational screen time (3.91 ± 2.85 h/day) was significantly higher than pre-pandemic levels (3.47 ± 2.50 h/day, p < 0.01). Three recreational screen time behavior profiles were identified based on the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines: (1) always met screen time guidelines (≤3 h/day) (47.8%; n = 454); (2) increased screen time (10.1%; n = 96); and (3) never met screen time guidelines (42%; n = 399). The overall discriminant function was found to be significant among the groups (Wilks\' λ = 0.90; canonical r = 0.31, χ2 = (14) = 95.81, p < 0.001). The group that always met screen time guidelines had the highest levels of automatic motivation, reflective motivation, social opportunity, and psychological capabilities to limit screen time compared to other screen time profile groups. In conclusion, recreational screen time remains elevated post-pandemic. Addressing motivation (automatic and reflective), psychological capabilities, and social opportunities may be critical for future interventions aiming to limit recreational screen time.

The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth recommends specific guidance in physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration. The current research will further explore potential exposures between healthy movement and being involved in a bullying incident as a bully or a victim in a representative sample of adolescents in China. A total of 67 821 Chinese students (response rate = 98.4%) were included in this study (mean age = 13.04 years). The results showed that meeting sleep recommendation only, meeting screen time recommendation only, and meeting both these two recommendations might be protective factors against being bullied or bullying others. Meeting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) recommendation only reported higher odds of being victims in all forms of bullying while meeting both MVPA and another combination of the guideline would relate to lower odds of being a bully and a bully-victim in all forms of bullying involvement.

BACKGROUND: New Canadian 24-Hour movement guidelines for adults recommend several hours of light physical activity each day, 150 minutes/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) including muscle strengthening activities at least twice a week, no more than 8 hours of sedentary time and 3 hours of recreational screen time each day, and 7 to 9 hours of sleep each night. This study examines post-secondary student adherence to the guidelines and its associations with sociodemographic factors and mental health.
METHODS: We analyzed data from a sample of 20 090 post-secondary students in Canada who participated in the 2019-2020 Canadian Campus Wellbeing Survey (CCWS). Prevalence of meeting guidelines for physical activity, sedentary time, recreational screen time and sleep were examined. We conducted logistic regression to examine associations between meeting movement guidelines and sociodemographic factors and mental health outcomes.
RESULTS: Only 9.9% of students (females 10.4%; males 9.2%) were currently achieving four components of the 24-hour movement guidelines. Respondents most commonly adhered to MVPA (61.1%) and sleep (59.7%) guidelines. Adherence to sedentary and screen time guidelines was lower (56.3% and 36.2%, respectively). Sociodemographic factors associated with higher odds of meeting the guidelines included being female, older age, self-identifying as White, and living at high socioeconomic status. Students who reported higher psychological well-being were more likely to meet the guidelines.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall adherence to the new guidelines is low among post-secondary students in Canada. The CCWS provides a mechanism for monitoring the dissemination and implementation of the new Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for adults.
BACKGROUND: Selon les nouvelles Directives canadiennes en matière de mouvement sur 24 heures à l’intention des adultes, les adultes devraient pratiquer plusieurs heures d’activité physique légère chaque jour, faire 150 minutes d’activité physique d’intensité moyenne à élevée (APIME) par semaine, dont des activités de renforcement musculaire au moins deux fois par semaine, limiter les heures de sédentarité à 8 heures par jour et le temps de loisir passé devant un écran à 3 heures par jour et enfin dormir de 7 à 9 heures par nuit. Cette étude a pour but d’analyser le respect de ces directives par les étudiants de niveau postsecondaire et ses associations avec la santé mentale et les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des répondants.
UNASSIGNED: Les données analysées proviennent d’un échantillon de 20 090 étudiants de niveau postsecondaire au Canada ayant participé à l’enquête Bien-être sur les campus canadiens (BECC) réalisée en 2019-2020. Nous avons calculé le pourcentage d’étudiants respectant les directives portant sur l’activité physique, la sédentarité, le temps de loisir passé devant un écran et le sommeil. Nous avons estimé, à l’aide d’une régression logistique, les associations entre le respect de ces directives, les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des répondants et leur santé mentale.
UNASSIGNED: Au moment où l’enquête a été réalisée, seuls 9,9 % des étudiants (10,4 % des femmes et 9,2 % des hommes) respectaient quatre volets des Directives canadiennes en matière de mouvement sur 24 heures. Les directives les mieux respectées étaient celles concernant l’APIME (61,1 %) et le sommeil (59,7 %). En revanche, les directives relatives aux périodes de sédentarité et au temps passé devant un écran étaient moins suivies (respectivement 56,3 % et 36,2 %). Les caractéristiques sociodémographiques associées à un plus grand respect des directives étaient les suivantes : être une femme, être plus âgé, se considérer comme d’origine ethnique blanche et avoir un statut socioéconomique élevé. Les étudiants ayant déclaré éprouver un bien-être psychologique élevé avaient une probabilité supérieure de satisfaire aux critères énoncés dans les directives.
CONCLUSIONS: Peu d’étudiants de niveau postsecondaire respectent les nouvelles directives au Canada. L’enquête BECC permet un suivi de la diffusion et de la mise en oeuvre des nouvelles Directives canadiennes en matière de mouvement sur 24 heures à l’intention des adultes.
Approximately 10% of sampled post-secondary students were meeting the new Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for adults. Female and older students were more likely to meet the guidelines. Students who reported higher psychological well-being were more likely to meet the guidelines. The Canadian Campus Wellbeing Survey (CCWS) provides a mechanism for monitoring implementation of the new guidelines.
Environ 10 % des étudiants de niveau postsecondaire de l’échantillon respectaient les nouvelles Directives canadiennes en matière de mouvement sur 24 heures à l’intention des adultes. Les femmes et les étudiants plus âgés respectaient davantage ces directives. Les étudiants ayant indiqué éprouver un bien-être psychologique élevé avaient une probabilité supérieure de respecter ces directives. L’enquête BECC permet un suivi de la mise en oeuvre de ces nouvelles directives.

The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth recommend ≥60 min of physical activity per day, ≤2 h of recreational screen time per day, and 9-11 hours of sleep per night for 11-13 years old and 8-10 hours per night for 14-17 years old.
This study examined the association between combinations of these recommendations and school bullying and cyberbullying victimization and perpetration among adolescents.
A total of 5615 Canadian students (mean age = 15.2 years) who participated in the 2017 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey (OSDUHS) self-reported their physical activity, screen time, sleep duration, and their involvement in bullying.
Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for important covariates.
Meeting the screen time recommendation alone was associated with lower odds of being a victim (OR: 0.64; 95 % CI: 0.46-0.88) or a bully (OR: 0.64; 95 % CI: 0.43-0.96) at school and a victim of cyberbullying (OR: 0.67; 95 % CI: 0.49-0.91). Meeting both the screen time and sleep duration recommendations was associated with lower odds of being a bully (OR: 0.51; 95 % CI: 0.30-0.88). Meeting all 3 recommendations showed stronger associations (i.e. lowest risk) with being a victim of school bullying (OR: 0.32; 95 % CI: 0.19-0.54), a bully-victim (OR: 0.25; 95 % CI: 0.08-0.78) or a victim of cyberbullying (OR: 0.37; 95 % CI: 0.17-0.84).
Our findings provide evidence that meeting the 24 -h movement guidelines is associated with lower odds of bullying involvement. Encouraging adherence to the 24 -h movement guidelines could be a good behavioural target to prevent involvement in both school bullying and cyberbullying.