硒(Se)是人体健康必需的微量元素。每日饮食中的硒摄入量由土壤-植物系统的食物链控制。然而,硒土壤中的镉(Cd)含量趋于过量,其中Se和Cd具有复杂的相互作用。因此,种植含有大量硒但含有少量镉的作物是一个巨大的挑战。我们比较了五种硒转化细菌对原生硒镉污染土壤中甘蓝型油菜吸收硒和镉的影响。结果表明,三种硒氧化细菌(LX-1,LX-100和T3F4)使植物地上部分的硒含量提高了330.8%,309.5%,724.3%,分别,与对照组相比(p<0.05)。这三种细菌还使地上Cd含量降低了15.1%,40.4%,和16.4%,分别为(p<0.05)。相比之下,硒(IV)还原菌ES2-45和弱硒转化菌LX-4对植物硒吸收没有影响,尽管它们确实降低了地上Cd的含量。此外,三种硒氧化细菌使土壤中的硒有效量增加了38.4%,20.4%,和24.0%,分别,与对照组相比(p<0.05)。研究结果证实了使用硒氧化细菌同时提高硒污染土壤中植物硒含量和降低植物镉含量的可行性。
Selenium (Se) is a trace element that is essential for human health. Daily dietary Se intake is governed by the food chain through soil-plant systems. However, the cadmium (Cd) content tends to be excessive in seleniferous soil, in which Se and Cd have complex interactions. Therefore, it is a great challenge to grow crops containing appreciable amounts of Se but low amounts of Cd. We compared the effects of five Se-transforming bacteria on Se and Cd uptake by Brassica rapa L. in a native seleniferous Cd-polluted soil. The results showed that three Se-oxidizing bacteria (LX-1, LX-100, and T3F4) increased the Se content of the aboveground part of the plant by 330.8%, 309.5%, and 724.3%, respectively, compared to the control (p < 0.05). The three bacteria also reduced the aboveground Cd content by 15.1%, 40.4%, and 16.4%, respectively (p < 0.05). In contrast, the Se(IV)-reducing bacterium ES2-45 and weakly Se-transforming bacterium LX-4 had no effect on plant Se uptake, although they did decrease the aboveground Cd content. In addition, the three Se-oxidizing bacteria increased the Se available in the soil by 38.4%, 20.4%, and 24.0%, respectively, compared to the control (p < 0.05). The study results confirm the feasibility of using Se-oxidizing bacteria to simultaneously enhance plant Se content and reduce plant Cd content in seleniferous Cd-polluted soil.