背景:在日常通勤中鼓励步行是提高身体活动水平的潜在策略。本研究的目的是:(一)研究,并按旅行方式进行比较,客观测量的成年人的身体活动,and,(ii)确定工作旅行方式与一系列个人之间的关联,人际关系,组织和环境特征。
方法:从地理位置不同的87个工作场所招募的员工(n=654)通过加速度计提供数据,全球定位系统(GPS)接收器,旅行日记和问卷调查。开发了单独的多变量逻辑回归模型,以检查与通勤和上班旅行方式有关的体育锻炼因素。
结果:与汽车用户相比(7.3分钟±标准偏差7.6),步行者(34.3±18.6)和公共交通工具使用者(25.7±14.0)在通勤期间每天进行中等至剧烈的体育锻炼的水平明显更高。组合加速度计和GPS数据显示,在通勤过程中步行至少十分钟的参与者更有可能具有较短的通勤距离(p<0.001),从事久坐的工作(p<0.01),并归类为体重不足或正常体重(p<0.03)。无车通道(p<0.001),没有免费工作停车场(p<0.01)与步行上班和使用公共交通工具独立相关。较短的通勤距离也与步行上班有关(p<0.001)。公共交通用户更有可能年轻(p=0.04),有更多积极的环境感知(p=0.01),并且不太可能将他们的通勤与关怀责任结合起来(p=0.03)。
结论:这项研究表明,步行上班和使用公共交通工具是劳动人口体力活动水平的重要因素。规划,在通勤过程中促进步行的交通和行为干预措施应考虑到更广泛的决定因素。减少免费工作停车场的可用性是阻止汽车使用的一种可能策略。
BACKGROUND: Encouraging walking during the daily commute is a potential strategy for increasing physical activity levels. This study aimed: (i) to examine, and compare by travel mode, the objectively measured physical activity of a working adult population, and, (ii) to identify associations between mode of travel to work and a range of individual, interpersonal, organisational and environmental characteristics.
METHODS: Employees (n=654) recruited from 87 workplaces in geographically distinct areas provided data through accelerometers, Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, travel diaries and questionnaires. Separate multivariable logistic regression models were developed to examine factors associated with physical activity during the commute and mode of travel to work.
RESULTS: In comparison to car users (7.3 minutes±Standard Deviation 7.6), walkers (34.3±18.6) and public transport users (25.7±14.0) accrued substantially higher levels of daily moderate to vigorous physical activity during the commute. Combined accelerometer and GPS data showed that participants who walked at least ten minutes during their commute were more likely to have a shorter commute distance (p<0.001), occupy a sedentary job (p<0.01), and be classified as \'underweight or normal weight\' (p<0.03). No car access (p<0.001), and absence of free work car parking (p<0.01) were independently related to walking to work and using public transport. Shorter commuting distances were also related to walking to work (p<0.001). Public transport users were more likely to be younger (p=0.04), have more positive environmental perceptions (p=0.01), and less likely to combine their commute with caring responsibilities (p=0.03).
CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that walking to work and using public transport are important contributors to physical activity levels in a working population. Planning, transport and behavioural interventions to promote walking during the commute should take into account the wider determinants. Reducing availability of free work car parking is one possible strategy to discourage car use.