■加强社区抗灾能力建设,减少灾害影响已提上中国政府的议事日程。COVID-19大流行可能会改变现有的社区抵御能力。本研究旨在探讨中国社区复原力的动态变化趋势,分析COVID-19背景下社区复原力的主要影响因素,构建中国社区复原力治理体系框架。
■使用社区进步弹性工具包(CART)在广东进行调查,四川,2015年和2022年,收集了社区复原力数据以及居民灾害风险意识和减少灾害风险行为的信息。收集来自政府机构和社区工作人员(n=15)的定性(深度访谈)数据,以探索中国的社区弹性治理体系框架。采用描述性统计分析和t检验对我国社区韧性的动态发展进行了研究。采用性别、年龄等社会人口学特征进行分层回归分析,探讨居民社区韧性的主要影响因素。
■结果表明,中国的社区复原力明显提高,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05)。在2015年,连接和关怀取得了最高分,而灾害管理在2022年取得了最高分,资源和变革潜力在这两年的得分中排名最低。一般来说,居民对灾害风险有很高的认识。然而,只有一小部分被调查的居民参加了任何“社区组织的流行病预防和控制志愿服务”(34.9%)。分析表明,社区复原力的核心影响因素包括:对主要疫情相关信息的高度敏感性,特别注意各种防疫预警信息,参与防疫志愿服务,并制定流行病应对计划。在这项研究中,构建了我国社区韧性治理体系框架,其中包括社区韧性风险意识,社区复原力治理机构,社区复原机制和系统。
■在大流行期间,中国的社区复原力发生了重大变化。然而,社区资本是,是,并将成为社区复原力的薄弱环节。建议进一步对社区复原力动态变化趋势进行多阶段评估,分析不同阶段社区复原力建立的作用点和核心影响因素。
Strengthening the construction of community resilience and reducing disaster impacts are on the agenda of the Chinese government. The COVID-19 pandemic could alter the existing community resilience. This study aims to explore the dynamic change trends of community resilience in China and analyze the primary influencing factors of community resilience in the context of COVID-19, as well as construct Community Resilience Governance System Framework in China.
A community advancing resilience toolkit (
CART) was used to conduct surveys in Guangdong, Sichuan, and Heilongjiang provinces in China in 2015 and 2022, with community resilience data and information on disaster risk awareness and disaster risk reduction behaviors of residents collected. The qualitative (in-depth interview) data from staffs of government agencies and communities (n = 15) were pooled to explore Community Resilience Governance System Framework in China. Descriptive statistics analysis and t-tests were used to investigate the dynamic development of community resilience in China. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to explore the main influencing factors of residential community resilience with such socio-demographic characteristics as gender and age being controlled.
The results indicate that community resilience in China has improved significantly, presenting differences with statistical significance (p < 0.05). In 2015, connection and caring achieved the highest score, while disaster management achieved the highest score in 2022, with resources and transformative potential ranking the lowest in their scores in both years. Generally, residents presented a high awareness of disaster risks. However, only a small proportion of residents that were surveyed had participated in any \"community-organized epidemic prevention and control voluntary services\" (34.9%). Analysis shows that core influencing factors of community resilience include: High sensitivity towards major epidemic-related information, particular attention to various kinds of epidemic prevention and control warning messages, participation in epidemic prevention and control voluntary services, and formulation of epidemic response plans. In this study, we have constructed Community Resilience Governance System Framework in China, which included community resilience risk awareness, community resilience governance bodies, community resilience mechanisms and systems.
During the pandemic, community resilience in China underwent significant changes. However, community capital was, is, and will be a weak link to community resilience. It is suggested that multi-stages assessments of dynamic change trends of community resilience should be further performed to analyze acting points and core influencing factors of community resilience establishment at different stages.