追求脱碳涉及利用废物二氧化碳生产有价值的燃料和化学品(例如,乙醇,乙烯,和尿素)通过电化学CO2还原反应(CO2RR)。此过程的功效在很大程度上取决于电催化剂的性能,这通常依赖于高负载的关键矿物。然而,这些矿物的供应容易受到短缺和破坏,引起人们对其使用的担忧,特别是在电催化中,需要迅速的创新来减轻供应风险。在催化剂制造中对关键矿物的依赖可以通过实施改善可用活性位点的设计策略来减少。从而增加了群众活动。这篇综述旨在讨论和分析潜在的战略,改善CO2RR中催化剂活性的挑战和机遇,特别注意解决与关键矿物稀缺相关的风险。通过向关键矿物基催化剂系统的这些方面发光,我们的目标是激发高性能催化剂的发展,促进CO2RR技术的实际应用,在缓解不利经济的同时,环境,和社区影响。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。
The pursuit of decarbonization involves leveraging waste CO2 for the production of valuable fuels and chemicals (e.g., ethanol, ethylene, and urea) through the electrochemical CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR). The efficacy of this process heavily depends on electrocatalyst performance, which is generally reliant on high loading of critical minerals. However, the supply of these minerals is susceptible to shortage and disruption, prompting concerns regarding their usage, particularly in electrocatalysis, requiring swift innovations to mitigate the supply risks. The reliance on critical minerals in catalyst fabrication can be reduced by implementing design strategies that improve the available active sites, thereby increasing the mass activity. This review seeks to discuss and analyze potential strategies, challenges, and opportunities for improving catalyst activity in CO2RR with a special attention to addressing the risks associated with critical mineral scarcity. By shedding light onto these aspects of critical mineral-based catalyst systems, this review aims to inspire the development of high-performance catalysts and facilitates the practical application of CO2RR technology, whilst mitigating adverse economic, environmental, and community impacts.