背景:血吸虫属的吸虫感染可以诱导中间蜗牛宿主的生理和行为变化。这是因为寄生虫消耗了宿主生存所必需的资源,促使宿主在寄生虫引起的死亡发生之前适应其行为以保持一定水平的适应性。
方法:在本研究中,在曼氏血吸虫和血吸虫感染的宫颈脱落阶段,检查了双黄藻和大黄藻的生殖和生化参数,分别,与对照组相比。
结果:研究显示,曼氏芽孢杆菌的感染率为34.7%,埃氏芽孢杆菌的感染率为30.4%。在感染了S.Mansoni的B.alexandrina中,生存率为65.2%,平均专利期为30.3±1.41天,平均脱落时间为14.2±0.16天,平均寿命为44.1±0.24天。同时,在感染了嗜血链球菌的截短芽孢杆菌中,观察到56.4%的存活率,平均专利期为44.3±1.41天,平均脱落时间为22.6±2.7天,平均寿命为66.9±1.6天。两种受感染的蜗牛的摄食增加,而受感染蜗牛的净繁殖率(Ro)下降。在脱落过程中,两种感染的蜗牛物种的总抗氧化剂(TAO)和脂质过氧化活性增加,而谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶水平下降。受感染的B.alexandrina的脂质过氧化物酶活性和氮氧化物水平显着降低,而受感染的Bulinus则增加。在感染的Biomphalaria中,类固醇激素水平升高,而它们在受感染的Bulinus中减少。彗星测定参数显示,与对照蜗牛相比,感染后两个感染属增加,表明观察到基因毒性损伤和组织病理学损伤。
结论:这些研究结果表明,感染幼虫物种的生化多样性,荷尔蒙,基因毒性,以及与对照相比,在B.alexandrina和B.truncates中负责繁殖和繁殖的组织中的组织病理学变化。
BACKGROUND: Trematode infections of the genus Schistosoma can induce physiological and behavioral changes in intermediate snail hosts. This is because the parasite consumes essential resources necessary for the host\'s survival, prompting hosts to adapt their behavior to maintain some level of fitness before parasite-induced mortality occurs.
METHODS: In this study, the reproductive and biochemical parameters of Biomphalaria alexandrina and
Bulinus truncatus were examined during the cercareal shedding stage of infection with Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium, respectively, compared with controls.
RESULTS: The study revealed an infection rate of 34.7% for S. mansoni and 30.4% for S. haematobium. In B. alexandrina infected with S. mansoni, a survival rate of 65.2% was recorded, along with a mean prepatent period of 30.3 ± 1.41 days, a mean shedding duration of 14.2 ± 0.16 days, and a mean lifespan of 44.1 ± 0.24 days. Meanwhile, in B. truncatus infected with S. haematobium, a survival rate of 56.4% was observed, with a mean prepatent period of 44.3 ± 1.41 days, a mean shedding duration of 22.6 ± 2.7 days, and a mean lifespan of 66.9 ± 1.6 days. Feeding increased in both infected species of snails, while the net reproductive rate (Ro) of the infected snails decreased. Total antioxidant (TAO) and lipid peroxidation activity increased in the two infected snail species during shedding, while Glutathione-S-transferase levels decreased. Lipid peroxidase activity and nitrogen oxide levels significantly decreased in infected B. alexandrina and increased in infected
Bulinus. Steroid hormone levels were elevated in infected Biomphalaria, whereas they were reduced in infected
Bulinus. Comet assay parameters showed an increase in the two infected genera after infection compared to control snails, indicating genotoxic damage and histopathological damage was observed.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that infection with larva species diverse biochemical, hormonal, genotoxic, and histopathological changes in the tissues responsible for fecundity and reproduction in B. alexandrina and B. truncates comparing with controls.