今天,世界越来越关注海洋垃圾及其与海洋生物多样性的相互作用。然而,在世界许多海洋环境中,有关与海洋垃圾相关的污染生物的知识非常有限。在这次调查中,我们调查了在摩洛哥中部大西洋所有海岸上冲刷的不同类型海洋垃圾上的生物污染。研究结果表明,属于9门的21种污垢物种(节肢动物,软体动物,棘皮病,Annelida,苔藓虫,Porifera,绿藻门,绿藻,和Ascomycota)。更具体地说,经常观察到的污垢物种包括Mytilusgalloprovincialis,BalanusLaevis,Megabalanus球菌,和花粉物种。与小型海洋垃圾相比,大型海洋垃圾记录的海洋生物定植最高。在所有海岸上最常被污染的物种的出现频率(FO)是穿孔器(FO=48.60),其次是Mytilusgalloprovincialis(FO=45.80),三角龟头(FO=32.05),Balanuslaevis(FO=30.25),巨型球菌(FO=25.25),苔藓虫(FO=19.40),Spirobranchustriqueter(FO=18.18),果胶(FO=14.45),和Pollicipespollicipes(FO=13.05)。在这项研究中注册的大多数物种都是固着的。在塑料基材和其他类型的海洋垃圾之间,污染类群的基材覆盖率显着不同。同样,这项研究表明,在粗糙表面上,污染生物的比例较高。总的来说,这项研究对于了解鲜为人知的海洋垃圾及其被海洋生物区系定殖的主题至关重要。鉴于这些海洋垃圾可以充当媒介并引起生态,生物地理学,以及海洋环境中的保护问题,尽量减少到达摩洛哥大西洋的人为垃圾的数量,可以大大减少其在海面和海底的积累,从而降低非土著物种入侵的风险。
Today, the world is increasingly concerned about marine litter and its interaction with marine biodiversity. However, knowledge concerning the fouling organisms associated with marine litter is very limited in many of the world\'s marine environments. In this survey, we investigated biofouling on different types of marine litter washed up on all the coasts of the central Atlantic of Morocco. The findings revealed 21 fouling species belonging to 9 phyla (Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Annelida,
Bryozoa, Porifera, Chlorophyta, Ochrophyta, and Ascomycota). More specifically, frequently observed fouling species include Mytilus galloprovincialis, Balanus laevis, Megabalanus coccopoma, and Pollicipes pollicipes species. Large marine litter items recorded the highest colonization of marine organisms in comparison to small ones. The frequency of occurrence (FO) of the species most commonly fouled on all coasts was Perforatus perforatus (FO = 48.60), followed by Mytilus galloprovincialis (FO = 45.80), Balanus trigonus (FO = 32.05), Balanus laevis (FO = 30.25), Megabalanus coccopoma (FO = 25.25),
Bryozoa species (FO = 19.40), Spirobranchus triqueter (FO = 18.18), Lepas pectinata (FO = 14.45), and Pollicipes pollicipes (FO = 13.05). The majority of the species registered in this study are sessile. Substrate coverage by fouling taxa was significantly different between plastic substrate and other types of marine litter. Likewise, this study revealed that the proportion of fouling organisms is higher on rough surfaces. Overall, this research could be crucial to understanding the little-known subject of marine litter and its colonization by marine biota. Given that these marine litters can act as vectors and cause ecological, biogeographical, and conservation issues in the marine environment, minimizing the quantity of anthropogenic litter reaching the Moroccan Atlantic could significantly reduce its accumulation on the sea surface and seabed, thereby reducing the risk of invasion by non-indigenous species.