背景:致幻剂的研究表明,非普通意识状态(NOSC),尤其是神秘的体验,预测各种情感障碍和物质使用障碍(SUDs)的改善。鲜为人知,然而,关于由冥想等身心实践诱导的NOSC的治疗潜力,瑜伽和呼吸。
方法:我们在在线数据库中进行了文献综述(PubMed,Scopus,谷歌学者)和预印本数据库(SSRN,bioRxiv)以确定由身心实践诱导的NOSC及其在情感障碍和SUD中的作用的研究。
结果:涉及身体运动的各种身心实践(即,萨满鼓声,瑜伽)和高度专注的沉浸式心理体验(即,冥想,呼吸)已在文献中报道。初步证据,主要来自定性研究和开放标签研究,表明身心实践会产生NOSC。这种经历与短期的焦虑和抑郁水平降低有关,增加了戒除成瘾行为的动机,增强自我意识和精神福祉。
结论:研究结果受到该领域文献匮乏的限制。需要进一步严格和方法合理的实证研究,包括不同方法引起的NOSC的比较研究。
结论:身心实践可能是治疗精神健康障碍的一种有希望的方法。这种做法诱导的NOSC可能会导致感知的有益转变,值,信仰,和行为。鉴于基于致幻剂的疗法面临的挑战,身心实践可能是在临床实践中引发潜在有用的NOSC的一种更容易获得和可接受的方式。
Research with hallucinogens suggests that non-ordinary states of consciousness (NOSCs), particularly mystical-type experiences, predict improvements in various affective disorders and substance use disorders (SUDs). Little is known, however, about the therapeutic potential of NOSCs induced by mind-body practices such as meditation, yoga and
breathwork.
We conducted a literature review in online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar) and preprint databases (SSRN, bioRxiv) to identify studies of NOSCs induced by mind-body practices and their effects in affective disorders and SUDs.
A wide variety of mind-body practices involving physical movement (i.e., shamanic drumming, yoga) and deliberate immersive experiences (i.e., meditation,
breathwork) have been reported in the literature. Preliminary evidence, mostly from qualitative studies and open label studies, suggest that mind-body practices produce NOSCs. These experiences have also been correlated with short-term reductions in anxiety and depression, with increased motivation to change addictive behaviors, and with enhanced self-awareness and well-being.
Findings are limited by the scarcity of literature in this field. Further rigorous and methodologically sound empirical research is needed, including comparative studies of NOSCs occasioned by different methods.
Mind-body practices may represent a promising approach for treating mental health disorders. The NOSCs induced by such practices may lead to beneficial shifts in perceptions, values, beliefs, and behaviors. Given the challenges with hallucinogen-based therapies, mind-body practices may represent a more accessible and acceptable way of eliciting potentially helpful NOSCs in clinical practice.