Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of breast angiomatosis. Methods: Six cases of breast angiomatosis diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, the Seventh Medical Center, People\'s Liberation Army General Hospital and the Department of Pathology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2011 to December 2023 were evaluated and reviewed. Results: All patients were female with an average age of 46 years at presentation, ranging from 25 to 62 years. The most common clinical presentation was a palpable unilateral breast mass with diameter ranging from 7 to 14 cm, and the average size was 11 cm. Histologically, all cases were composed of variably-sized ectatic, thin-walled blood vessels with minimal to no apparent smooth muscle, lined by flat normochromic endothelium without atypia, and diffusely infiltrating the breast stroma. Where present, the lesional vessels infiltrated between and around terminal duct lobular units but not into individual intralobular stroma. Immunohistochemical staining for CD31, CD34, Factor Ⅷ, Fli-1 and D2-40 revealed positive expression in vascular and/or lymphatic endothelial cells. Additionally, the Ki-67 proliferation index was found to be less than 1%. Conclusions: Angiomatosis of the breast is a rare benign vascular lesion. Distinguishing it from low-grade angiosarcoma requires careful consideration of the growth pattern, atypical features, and Ki-67 proliferation index.
目的： 探讨乳腺血管瘤病的临床病理特征及病理诊断。 方法： 收集解放军总医院第七医学中心病理科及北京中医药大学东直门医院病理科2011年1月至2023年12月诊断的共6例乳腺血管瘤病患者，分析其临床病理资料并复习相关文献。 结果： 6例患者均为女性，年龄范围25~62岁，平均年龄46岁。临床常表现为可触及的单侧乳腺肿块，肿瘤最大径7~14 cm，平均11 cm。组织学上，6例均表现为血管、淋巴管弥漫性增生，脉管腔扩张、大小不等、互相吻合、管壁薄，无/极少见平滑肌，内皮细胞扁平、无异型性，病变弥漫性浸润乳腺间质，但不破坏乳腺终末导管小叶单位。CD31、CD34、第Ⅷ因子相关抗原、Fli-1、D2-40等免疫组织化学染色结果显示血管和/或淋巴管内皮细胞阳性，Ki-67阳性指数均<1%。 结论： 乳腺血管瘤病是一种罕见的良性脉管性病变，与低级别血管肉瘤的鉴别需要关注病变生长模式、内皮细胞形态和Ki-67阳性指数。.

Diabetic mastopathy is a rare and benign pathology affecting young individuals with type 1 diabetes or autoimmune diseases. It clinically resembles breast cancer, necessitating a histological examination for a definitive diagnosis. These cases underscore the diagnostic challenges and the importance of histological examination. This report details two cases of diabetic mastopathy at Mohammed VI Hospital in Marrakech. The first case involved a 35-year-old with type 1 diabetes and mastodynia, revealing a 4 x 3 cm nodule in the left breast. Biopsies confirmed fibrous breast tissue with lymphocytic infiltrates, characteristic of diabetic mastopathy, with no recurrence during follow-up. The second case featured a 38-year-old with trisomy 21 and type 1 diabetes presenting with a right breast abscess. Drainage revealed lymphocytic infiltrates, confirming diabetic mastopathy. Though diagnostically challenging, diabetic mastopathy lacks a direct link to breast cancer. Long-term cancer risks in affected patients mirror the general population.

BACKGROUND: Fibroadenoma (FA) is documented as the most common benign breast disease typically presenting as a lump. A wide variety of other diseases including breast cancer can similarly present as lumps hence the need for further differentiation. Ultrasonography plays a vital role in the evaluation and treatment of breast lumps with histological analysis as the gold standard.
OBJECTIVE: This study compared the physical and sonographic features of the breast in women with FA and women with breast lumps due to other diseases.
METHODS: This is a single-centre comparative study. Clinical and sonographic breast evaluations of the recruited patients with lumps were done and reported using the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System score. The lumps were biopsied, and histological diagnosis was documented. Clinical and imaging features of the breasts of women with FA were then compared with those of women with lumps from other breast diseases, and collated data were analysed using SPSS Statistical version 23.0.
RESULTS: Data from 118 subjects (59 in each group) were used for this study. There was a significant difference in the physical and sonographic appearance of FA concerning the patient\'s age, parity, change in lesion size, perilesional architecture, echogenicity, borders, capsule and background breast density. No FA was found in women with less dense breasts.
CONCLUSIONS: The sonographic features of breasts showed some differences from the corresponding features of FA and other breast lesions. This has the potential to increase the efficiency of pre-operative diagnosis of FA and could be further applied in developing diagnostic criteria for FA in our environment.

BACKGROUND: Mammography has become an invaluable tool for diagnosing breast lesions and detecting early breast cancer in women of 35 years and above.
OBJECTIVE: To correlate the mammography Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) categories with the histology in breast lesions and to determine the predictive values, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of mammography.
METHODS: This was a one- year prospective study carried out from March 2015 to February 2016. Consecutive female patients of 35 years and above with breast lesions at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin-City were recruited. Patients with fungating breast lesions and those who declined recruitment were excluded. All patients had mammography and core biopsy of the breast lesion which was examined histologically.
RESULTS: A total of 101 patients were studied. Five patients had bilateral breast lesions making a total of 106 biopsies that were performed. The mean age of patients with benign breast disease was 47.0 ± 4.9 years while those with malignant breast disease was 49.9 ± 8.5 years; P-value was 0.080 which was not statistically significant. Fibrocystic disease 6 (5.6%) was the most common benign disease while invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common malignant breast disease 84(79.2%). BI-RADS 5 correlated mostly with malignant breast disease (97.0%); P value < 0.001 and was statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that mammography is useful in the diagnosis of breast lesions in women who are 35 years and older. Patients with BI-RADS category 3, 4 and 5 had an increasing correlation with malignant breast disease.
BACKGROUND: La mammographie est devenue un outil inestimable pour diagnostiquer les lésions mammaires et détecter précocement le cancer du sein chez les femmes de 35 ans et plus.
OBJECTIVE: Corréler les catégories du Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) de la mammographie avec l\'histologie des lésions mammaires et déterminer les valeurs prédictives, la sensibilité, la spécificité et la précision de la mammographie.
UNASSIGNED: Il s\'agit d\'une étude prospective d\'un an réalisée de mars 2015 à février 2016. Les patientes consécutives de 35 ans et plus présentant des lésions mammaires à l\'Hôpital Universitaire de Benin, à Benin-City, ont été recrutées. Les patientes présentant des lésions mammaires fungiques et celles qui ont refusé de participer à l\'étude ont été exclues. Toutes les patientes ont subi une mammographie et une biopsie au trocart de la lésion mammaire, qui a été examinée histologiquement.
UNASSIGNED: Un total de 101 patientes ont été étudiées. Cinq patientes présentaient des lésions mammaires bilatérales, soit un total de 106 biopsies réalisées. L\'âge moyen des patientes atteintes de maladie mammaire bénigne était de 47,0 ± 4,9 ans, tandis que celui des patientes atteintes de maladie mammaire maligne était de 49,9 ± 8,5 ans ; la valeur P était de 0,080, ce qui n\'était pas statistiquement significatif. La maladie fibrokystique 6 (5,6%) était la maladie bénigne la plus fréquente, tandis que le carcinome canalaire infiltrant était la maladie mammaire maligne la plus fréquente 84 (79,2%). Le BIRADS 5 corrélait principalement avec les maladies mammaires malignes (97,0%) ; la valeur P était < 0,001 et était statistiquement significative.
CONCLUSIONS: Cette étude a montré que la mammographie est utile dans le diagnostic des lésions mammaires chez les femmes de 35 ans et plus. Les patientes ayant des catégories BI-RADS 3, 4 et 5 présentaient une corrélation croissante avec les maladies mammaires malignes.
UNASSIGNED: Mammographie, Lésion mammaire féminine, Histologie, Corrélation, Précision diagnostique.

暂无摘要。

Papillary endothelial hyperplasia (PEH) or Masson\'s tumor is a rare benign vascular tumor that usually appears in the soft tissues of the head and neck, trunk and extremities, being extremely rare in the breast. Its diagnosis can be a challenge, especially in the follow-up of patients with previous disease of breast carcinoma. We present the case of a 65-year-old patient, with a history of bilateral breast cancer and reconstruction with implants, who presented a Masson\'s tumor during follow-up. An ultrasound scan was performed, showing a well-circumscribed mass in the left breast, located in the posterior contour of the implant. Subsequently, magnetic resonance imaging (MR) depicted an enhancing tumor, without infiltration of adjacent structures. Finally, the definitive anatomopathological diagnosis was obtained after surgical excision.

BACKGROUND: Breast tuberculosis (TB) is a rare extra-pulmonary presentation of tuberculosis. In the western world, this accounts for less than 0.1% of breast conditions (all breast conditions, not limited to TB or extra-pulmonary TB), but can be up to 3-4% in regions endemic for TB such as in Africa and Asia.
METHODS: We report a case of a 54-year- old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive lady who presented with six months history of multiple masses on the left breast which were initially suspected to be cancer of the breast. However, histology report of the mass confirmed TB of the breast.
CONCLUSIONS: Presentation of TB can be non-specific and atypical in patients with HIV infection, especially when it presents in extra-pulmonary forms.

Hyperplasia of mammary glands (HMG) is considered a precancerous condition with a risk of malignant transformation, highlighting the necessity of proactive treatment in the early stages. Transdermal drug delivery offers significant advantages such as painlessness, absence of first-pass effect, and good patient compliance. However, the unique structure of the breast requires transdermal formulations for treating mammary hyperplasia to exhibit higher levels of safety and comfort. We have formulated an ancient topical formula called \'Muxiang Bing,\' comprising traditional Chinese medicines Aucklandiae Radix (AR) and Rehmanniae Radix (RR), for the treatment of HMG. This formula has been transformed into a gel paster in the form of nipple cover for trans-nipple-areola delivery. In our investigations, we observed that the optimal formulation of the Muxiang gel plaster demonstrated enhanced permeation facilitated by AR\'s effect on RR. Furthermore, pre-treatment with the Muxiang gel plaster improved mammary tissue morphology, hormone levels, oxidative stress, aberrant cell proliferation, and damage in rat models, thus preventing and ameliorating mammary hyperplasia. The Muxiang gel plaster exhibited low skin irritability in rats, and long-term use did not cause harm to their internal organs or blood cells, indicating its safety and efficacy.

UNASSIGNED: Mammary hamartoma are rare neoplasms of the breast. Myoid mammary hamartoma are a subtype comprising of prominent smooth muscle component along with normal breast tissue components including fibrous, adipose, and glandular tissue. We report the case of a 38-year-old lady who presented with a large 21 × 15 cm, firm, mobile lump in right breast, clinically mimicking as phyllodes tumor. The lesion was reported as BIRADS 4a on mammography. Fine needle aspiration cytology suggested benign breast disease. Wide local excision was performed. The excised lump was solid, gray-white with fatty yellowish areas. Histological features were of myoid mammary hamartoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest myoid hamartoma reported till date. Fine needle aspiration, needle biopsy, and immunohistochemistry are of limited value as diagnostic modalities in these lesions. Complete surgical excision, proper identification, and follow-up is essential, as these lesions, more commonly those which are incompletely excised, can recur.

暂无摘要。