背景:脑脊液(CSF)是一种超滤的无色脑液,在脑室腔内循环,蛛网膜下腔,和脊柱。它的连续流具有许多主要功能,包括营养,大脑保护,和废物清除。
■脑脊液在脑腔中的异常积累会引发严重的脑积水。越来越多的证据表明,活动纤毛(来自多纤毛细胞的纤毛或脑室室管膜的纤毛)的同步搏动提供了强大的压力,以产生和抑制CSF流量并维持大脑空间内的整体CSF循环。在人类中,由有缺陷的原发性和/或活动纤毛引起的病症通常被称为纤毛病。CSF循环在大脑发育及其功能中的关键作用尚未完全阐明。
结论:在这篇综述中,我们简要讨论了活动纤毛在脑脊液循环和脑积水中的潜在作用。我们已经回顾了脑中的纤毛和纤毛细胞以及功能性纤毛在脑中CSF循环中的调节作用的现有证据。我们进一步讨论了纤毛缺陷及其可能参与脑积水的发现。此外,这篇综述将强化运动性纤毛作为脑脊液运动的主要调节者的想法,大脑发育,和神经元疾病。
BACKGROUND: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an ultra-filtrated colorless brain fluid that circulates within brain spaces like the ventricular cavities, subarachnoid space, and the spine. Its continuous flow serves many primary functions, including nourishment, brain protection, and waste removal.
UNASSIGNED: The abnormal accumulation of CSF in brain cavities triggers severe hydrocephalus. Accumulating evidence had indicated that synchronized beats of motile cilia (cilia from multiciliated cells or the ependymal lining in brain ventricles) provide forceful pressure to generate and restrain CSF flow and maintain overall CSF circulation within brain spaces. In humans, the disorders caused by defective primary and/or motile cilia are generally referred to as ciliopathies. The key role of CSF circulation in brain development and its functioning has not been fully elucidated.
CONCLUSIONS: In this review, we briefly discuss the underlying role of motile cilia in CSF circulation and hydrocephalus. We have reviewed cilia and ciliated cells in the brain and the existing evidence for the regulatory role of functional cilia in CSF circulation in the brain. We further discuss the findings obtained for defective cilia and their potential involvement in hydrocephalus. Furthermore, this review will reinforce the idea of motile cilia as master regulators of CSF movements, brain development, and neuronal diseases.