目标:医院中的高风险专业人员和专业护士经常遭受潜在的创伤事件。精神创伤研究人员广泛研究了高风险专业人员中创伤的个人风险因素,但是,当专业人士从他们的社会环境中去文化时,很难理解心理功能。一般来说,有充分的证据表明,为了降低创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)或其他与创伤相关的心理健康问题的风险,融入一个支持性的社会环境是至关重要的。然而,这些职业群体之间和内部的研究结果显示,对于什么是支持性的社会环境,存在很大的差异甚至不一致。方法:本人种学研究,包括参与者观察,深入采访,和文档分析,探索消防员的社会环境,警察,救护人员,专业护士,和军事人员,旨在探索他们的社会关系和嵌入性。我们对数据进行了主题内容分析,以确定与社会或情感支持相关的主题,社会关系,和压力或创伤。成果:对观测场的剖析注解,涵盖332小时的参与者观察和71次均匀分布的正式深度访谈,确定了与社会关系和嵌入性相关的四个主题:家庭,分层关系与自主性,团体与个人,和有条件的家庭\'爱\'。结果显示,军方,警察,和专业消防员有类似家庭的等级关系和高度重视群体团结。护理人员和大多数专业护士,然而,倾向于重视工作关系中的个性和自主性。结论:这项研究表明,这些专业人员的社会环境和社会关系存在明显差异,这意味着预防和心理健康治疗也可能必须在职业群体之间进行区分。
对于经常遭受潜在创伤事件的高风险专业人员或一线专业人员来说,这非常重要,嵌入到一个支持性的社会环境中;坚信别人“有你的背”。然而,他们的社会环境差异如此之大,以至于我们无法将它们归为一类。军方,警察,和职业或职业消防员有类似家庭的等级关系和高度重视群体团结。救护车护理人员和大多数在专业部门工作的护士,比如急诊室,手术室,和重症监护病房,另一方面,在他们的工作关系中倾向于重视个性和自主性。为了有效,预防方案,如专业支持或正式的同行支持,以及心理健康治疗可能必须相应地在职业群体之间进行区分。
Objective: High-risk professionals and specialised nurses in hospitals are frequently exposed to potentially traumatic events. Psychotrauma researchers have extensively studied personal risk factors of traumatisation among high-risk professionals, but it is hard to understand psychological functioning when professionals are decontextualised from their social environment. Generally, it has been well documented that to reduce the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or other mental health problems related to traumatisation, it is essential to be embedded in a supportive social environment. However, study results among and within these occupational groups show great variety and even inconsistencies as to what is a supportive social environment.Method: This ethnographical research, including participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, explored the social environment of firefighters, police officers, ambulance paramedics, specialised nurses, and military personnel and aims to explore their social connections and embeddedness. We performed a thematic content analysis of data to identify themes related to social or emotional support, social relationships, and stress or traumatisation.Results: An analysis of the observational field notes, which covered 332 h of participant observation and 71 evenly distributed formal in-depth interviews, identified four themes related to social connections and embeddedness: Family, Hierarchical relations versus autonomy, Group versus individual, and Conditional family \'love\'. Results revealed that the military, police, and professional firefighters have family-like hierarchical connections and highly value group unity. Paramedics and most specialised nurses, however, tend to value individuality and autonomy in their work relationships.Conclusion: This research shows noticeable differences in the social environments and social connections of these professionals, which implicates that prevention and mental health treatment might also have to be differentiated among occupational groups.
It is of great importance for high-risk professionals or frontline professionals who are frequently exposed to potential traumatic events, to be embedded in a supportive social environment; to work with the conviction that others ‘have your back’. However, their social environments differ so much that we cannot lump them together in one category.The military, police, and professional or career firefighters have family-like hierarchical connections and highly value group unity. Ambulance paramedics and most nurses working in specialised departments, such as emergency rooms, operating rooms, and intensive care units, on the other hand tend to value individuality and autonomy in their work relationships.To be effective, programmes for preventions, such as professional support or formal peer support, as well as mental health treatments might have to be differentiated accordingly between occupational groups.