目的:追踪身体的大小和比例,儿童手臂尺寸和握力,青少年,和居住在瓦哈卡州土著社区的成年人,他们在1968年,1978年和2000年的调查中进行了两次或三次测量。
方法:三个横断面调查包括身高测量,体重,坐姿高度,臂围,三头肌皮褶,在1968年对学童和学童的调查中,1978年和2000年的青少年和成年人。交叉检查姓氏,三项调查参与者的法医和年龄/出生日期确定了两次测量的三个样本(1968-1978年,1978-2000年的两个年龄组)和三项调查中测量的一个子样本。在两次测量的三个性别特定样本中,针对每个变量计算了控制每个观察年龄的偏相关,以及三次测量的雄性和雌性子样本。
结果:允许子样本之间的年龄变化,身高的年龄间相关性中等到高,中等坐姿高度和估计腿长,体重低至中等,BMI,手臂和估计的手臂肌肉周长,三头肌皮褶,和握力。
结论:考虑到相对较宽的实际年龄间隔,身高的年龄间相关性,体重和BMI处于低端,而男性(尽管不是女性)的握力和单位体重强度通常在欧洲样本研究中指出的相关性范围内。可能与改善健康有关,营养,和卫生条件,到2000年,成人中出现肥胖和超重.成年人的肥胖和超重与机械化农业的引入平行,这减少了常规的体力劳动。在儿童中,肥胖和超重可能与营养供应增加有关,但饮食选择不佳。
OBJECTIVE: To track body size and proportions, arm dimensions and grip strength in children, adolescents, and adults resident in an indigenous community in Oaxaca who were measured on two or three occasions across surveys in 1968, 1978, and 2000.
METHODS: The three cross-sectional surveys included measures of height, weight, sitting height, arm circumference, triceps skinfold, and grip strength in surveys of schoolchildren in 1968 and of schoolchildren, adolescents and adults in 1978 and 2000. Cross-checks of surnames, forenames and ages/dates of birth of participants in the three surveys identified three samples of individuals measured on two occasions (1968-1978, two age groups in 1978-2000) and a subsample of individuals measured in the three surveys. Partial correlations controlling for age at each observation were calculated for each variable in the three sex-specific samples measured on two occasions, and for the subsamples of males and females measured on three occasions.
RESULTS: Allowing for variation in age among subsamples, inter-age correlations were moderate to high for stature, moderate for sitting height and estimated leg length, and low to moderate for weight, BMI, arm and estimated arm muscle circumference, triceps skinfold, and grip strength.
CONCLUSIONS: Allowing for the relatively broad chronological age intervals, the inter-age correlations for height, weight and BMI were at the low end, while those for grip strength and for strength per unit body weight for males (though not females) were generally in the range of correlations noted in studies of European samples. Likely associated with improved health, nutritional, and sanitation conditions, obesity and overweight were emerging among adults by 2000. Obesity and overweight in adults paralleled the introduction of mechanized agriculture that reduced routine physical work. Among children, the association of obesity and overweight is likely with increased nutritional availability, but poor choices in diet.