用液体保存的精液进行人工授精(AI)最近在猪育种中变得很普遍。精液剂量在公猪种马上以集中方式产生,然后分配并运输到母猪养殖场。然而,物流车辆运输过程中的振动排放可能会对公猪精子的质量产生不利影响。因此,本研究旨在探讨在模拟运输条件下,振动诱导的排放对精子质量和功能的影响。每一次,收集所有15只公猪的射精,然后汇集在一起,以尽量减少个体差异,并使用增量剂将样品分开进行稀释。不同的转速(0rpm,80转/分,140转/分,200rpm)用于模拟使用轨道振动器的不同强度的振动暴露,考虑不同的运输时间(0小时,3h,和6小时)。随后,对精子活力进行了评估,质膜完整性,顶体完整性,线粒体功能,三磷酸腺苷(ATP)水平,线粒体活性氧(ROS)水平,pH值,糖酵解途径酶活性,和暴露于振动发射后的获能。振动时间和强度都会影响精子活力,质膜完整性,和顶体完整性。振动暴露显著降低精子ATP水平,线粒体膜电位,和线粒体编码蛋白(MT-ND1,MT-ND6)的水平(p<0.05)。振动发射处理后,pH值和线粒体ROS水平显著升高(p<0.05)。观察到精子糖酵解的抑制作用,己糖激酶(HK)活性降低,丙酮酸激酶(PK),和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH),乳酸水平下降(p<0.05)。此外,与对照组相比,通过振动发射,精子酪氨酸磷酸化水平显着降低(p<0.05)。振动发射处理后,与对照组相比,每平方毫米输卵管外植体结合的精子数明显减少(p<0.05)。同样,与对照组相比,使用受到振动压力的精液进行AI导致怀孕率显著降低,出生的总产仔数,活产产仔数,和健康出生的产仔数(p<0.05)。
Artificial insemination (AI) with liquid-preserved semen has recently become common in pig breeding. The semen doses are produced in a centralized manner at the boar stud and then subsequently distributed and transported to sow farms. However, vibration emissions during transportation by logistic vehicles may adversely affect the quality of boar sperm. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of vibration-induced emissions on sperm quality and function under simulated transportation conditions. Each time, ejaculates from all 15 boars were collected and then pooled together to minimize individual variations, and the sample was split using an extender for dilution. Different rotational speeds (0 rpm, 80 rpm, 140 rpm, 200 rpm) were utilized to simulate varying intensities of vibration exposure using an orbital shaker, considering different transportation times (0 h, 3 h, and 6 h). Subsequently, evaluations were conducted regarding sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial function, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, pH, glycolytic pathway enzyme activities, and capacitation following exposure to vibration emissions. Both vibration time and intensity impact sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity, and acrosomal integrity. Vibration exposure significantly reduced sperm ATP levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, and the levels of mitochondria-encoded proteins (MT-ND1, MT-ND6) (p < 0.05). After vibration emission treatment, the pH value and mitochondrial ROS levels significantly increased (p < 0.05). Inhibition of sperm glycolysis was observed, with reduced activities of hexokinase (HK), pyruvate kinase (PK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), along with decreased lactate levels (p < 0.05). Additionally, sperm tyrosine phosphorylation levels were significantly reduced by vibration emissions compared to the control group (p < 0.05). After the vibration emission treatment, the number of sperm bound to each square millimeter of oviduct explants decreased significantly compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Similarly, compared to the control group, using semen subjected to vibration stress for AI results in significantly reduced pregnancy rates, total born litter size, live-born litter size, and healthy born litter size (p < 0.05).