单卵双胞胎(MZT)具有相同的基因组DNA序列,通常无法通过常规法医DNA分型方法进行区分,这可能与刑事和亲子鉴定案件有关。最近,涉及DNA甲基化和microRNA分析的新表观遗传学方法已被引入来区分MZT。在这项研究中,我们探索使用表观遗传标记的潜力,特别是环状RNA(circRNAs),一种非编码RNA(ncRNA),为了识别MZT,并研究成对的MZT中circRNAs的独特表达模式,实现有效的差异化。表观遗传学在转录后水平调节基因表达,在细胞生长和衰老中起着至关重要的作用。CircRNAs,最近表征的ncRNA亚类,具有独特的共价环结构,没有典型的5'帽或3'尾。据报道,它们可以调节各种细胞过程,并在胚胎发生和真核发育中发挥作用。为了实现这一点,我们使用从5对MZT的血液样本中提取的总RNA进行了全面的circRNA测序分析(circRNA-seq).我们使用circRNA-seq在所有MZT中鉴定了总共15,257个circRNAs。其中,3、21、338和2967个差异表达的circRNAs(DEcircRNAs)在五个中共享,四,三,和两对MZT,分别。随后,我们使用实时定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)测定法验证了十二个选定的DEcircRNAs,其中包括hsa_circ_0004724,hsa_circ_0054196,hsa_circ_004964,hsa_circ_0000591,hsa_circ_0005077,hsa_circ_0054853,hsa_circ_0054716,hsa_circ_0002302,hsa_cir0004400其中,hsa_circ_0005077和hsa_circ_0004482表现出最好的性能,显示10对MZT中的7对的差异。当在来自10对MZT的唾液样品上测试时,这12种差异表达的circRNAs也表现出强的辨别能力。值得注意的是,hsa_circ_0004724在唾液中10对MZT中的8对中显示出差异表达。此外,我们评估了检测灵敏度,纵向时间稳定性,以及这十二个DEcircRNAs在法医场景中对老化血迹的适用性。我们的发现强调了circRNAs作为分子标记区分MZTs的潜力,强调它们对法医应用的适用性。
Monozygotic twins (MZTs) possess identical genomic DNA sequences and are usually indistinguishable through routine forensic DNA typing methods, which can be relevant in criminal and paternity cases. Recently, novel epigenetic methods involving DNA methylation and microRNA analysis have been introduced to differentiate MZTs. In this study, we explore the potential of using epigenetic markers, specifically circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of non-coding RNA (ncRNA), to identify MZTs, and investigate the unique expression patterns of circRNAs within pairs of MZTs, enabling effective differentiation. Epigenetics regulates gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and plays a crucial role in cell growth and aging. CircRNAs, a recently characterized subclass of ncRNA, have a distinct covalent loop structure without the typical 5\' cap or 3\' tail. They have been reported to modulate various cellular processes and play roles in embryogenesis and eukaryotic development. To achieve this, we conducted a comprehensive circRNA sequencing analysis (circRNA-seq) using total RNA extracted from the blood samples of five pairs of MZTs. We identified a total of 15,257 circRNAs in all MZTs using circRNA-seq. Among them, 3, 21, 338, and 2967 differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs) were shared among five, four, three, and two pairs of MZTs, respectively. Subsequently, we validated twelve selected DEcircRNAs using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assays, which included hsa_circ_0004724, hsa_circ_0054196, hsa_circ_004964, hsa_circ_0000591, hsa_circ_0005077, hsa_circ_0054853, hsa_circ_0054716, hsa_circ_0002302, hsa_circ_0004482, hsa_circ_0001103, novel_circ_0030288 and novel_circ_0056831. Among them, hsa_circ_0005077 and hsa_circ_0004482 exhibited the best performance, showing differences in 7 out of 10 pairs of MZTs. These twelve differentially expressed circRNAs also demonstrated strong discriminative power when tested on saliva samples from 10 pairs of MZTs. Notably, hsa_circ_0004724 displayed differential expression in 8 out of 10 pairs of MZTs in their saliva. Additionally, we evaluated the detection sensitivity, longitudinal temporal stability, and suitability for aged bloodstains of these twelve DEcircRNAs in forensic scenarios. Our findings highlight the potential of circRNAs as molecular markers for distinguishing MZTs, emphasizing their suitability for forensic application.