背景:营养不良的新诊断标准,全球营养不良领导力倡议(GLIM)标准,已被提议。尽管营养不良与口腔健康之间存在公认的联系,在使用GLIM标准时,需要进一步澄清这种关联.这项研究调查了≥85岁的社区居住老年人的营养不良与口腔健康之间的关系。
方法:这项研究是使用东京最古老的全面健康调查研究的数据进行的,共纳入519名≥85岁的参与者.使用GLIM标准评估营养不良。口腔健康信息,关于牙齿的数量,最大咬合力(MOF),唾液产生,与义齿相关的问题(不满意和使用频率),过去一年的牙科访问历史,参与者是否喜欢吃饭,采用老年口腔健康评估指数(GOHAI)对口腔相关生活质量进行评估。MOF评估了三个测量值的平均值,并且随着MOF的下降,性别降低了三位数。对于GOHAI来说,还评估了每个项目(Q1-Q12)的得分,进一步,每个项目的下降(得分:5分制1-2分)被评估为每个项目的问题。“分析了有和没有营养不良的口腔健康因素的差异。对于不同的项目,使用Cox回归评估营养不良风险.
结果:89名(17.1%)参与者经历了营养不良。MOF的下降有显著差异,享受美食,Q2、Q4和Q6的个人得分,以及Q3、Q6、Q7和Q11的问题。Cox回归分析显示MOF下降(比值比[OR]:1.728,95%置信区间[CI]:1.010-2.959),用餐享受(OR:0.502,95%CI:0.289-0.873),第三季度的问题(OR:5.474,95%CI:1.301-23.028),Q6(OR:5.325,95%CI:1.026-27.636),Q7(OR:2.867,95%CI:1.397-5.882)与营养不良的OR相关。
结论:MOF下降,享受美食,吞咽问题(Q3的问题),由于口腔条件限制接触(Q6问题),和美学问题(Q7问题)与使用GLIM标准评估的营养不良相关.
BACKGROUND: A new diagnostic criterion for malnutrition, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, has been proposed. Despite a recognized link between malnutrition and oral health, further clarification is needed regarding this association when using the GLIM criteria. This study examined the association between malnutrition and oral health in community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 85.
METHODS: This study was conducted using data from the Tokyo Oldest Old Survey on Total Health study, and altogether 519 participants ≥ 85 years were enrolled. Malnutrition was assessed using the GLIM criteria. Oral health information, on the number of teeth, maximum occlusal force (MOF), saliva production, denture-related questions (dissatisfaction and frequency of use), dental visit history in the past year, whether participants enjoyed meals, and oral-related quality of life was assessed using the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) were collected. MOF was assessed the average values of three measurements and lower tertile by sex as decline in MOF. For GOHAI, the score for each items (Q1-Q12) was also evaluated, and further, the decline in each item (score: 1-2 points on a 5-point scale) was assessed as a \"problem with each items.\" Oral health factors differing between those with and without malnutrition were analyzed. For differing items, malnutrition risk was evaluated using Cox regression.
RESULTS: Eighty-nine (17.1%) participants experienced malnutrition. Significant differences were observed in the decline in MOF, enjoyment of meals, individual scores for Q2, Q4, and Q6, and the problem with Q3, Q6, Q7, and Q11. Cox regression analysis showed that decline in MOF (odds ratio [OR]: 1.728, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.010-2.959), enjoyment of meals (OR: 0.502, 95% CI: 0.289-0.873), problem with Q3 (OR: 5.474, 95% CI: 1.301-23.028), Q6 (OR: 5.325, 95% CI: 1.026-27.636), and Q7 (OR: 2.867, 95% CI: 1.397-5.882) were associated with ORs of malnutrition.
CONCLUSIONS: Decline in MOF, enjoyment of meals, swallowing problem (problem with Q3), limit contact due to oral condition (problem with Q6), and esthetics problem (problem with Q7) were associated with malnutrition as assessed using the GLIM criteria.