背景:下腰痛(LBP)非常普遍,是消防员与残疾相关的提前退休的主要原因。那些有终生LBP病史的人有各种缺陷,这些缺陷与受伤风险和旷工增加有关。然而,使用当前LBP对残疾的影响,物理性能,和其他生物心理社会因素尚未在该人群中得到充分表征。这项研究的目的是比较人体测量,锻炼习惯,身体健康/表现,残疾/工作能力,以及消防员在有和没有当前LBP的情况下工作的其他生物心理社会因素。
方法:对419名全职职业消防员进行了基线评估,没有记录的工作限制(年龄:37.6±8.8岁;5F,414米),他们参加了南加州的区域健康倡议,美国。当前的LBP状态由问卷确定,并通过访谈确认。人体测量,患者报告的结果,和体能测试用于评估体重指数;体脂百分比;腰围;加强,心血管,和灵活性锻炼频率;背部和核心肌肉耐力;功能性运动质量,感知到的背部相关残疾,提升和携带能力,和消防员的任务能力;睡眠质量;以及对恐惧和疲劳以及灾难性不公正经历的看法。使用方差分析和卡方分析比较有和没有当前LBP的参与者的得分。
结果:当前LBP的点患病率为19.81%(83/419)。对于整个队列,对于所有评估变量,具有当前LBP的人的得分明显低于没有当前LBP的人,除了核心肌肉耐力和功能性运动质量。当按年龄和肥胖类别对分析进行分层时,这些趋势得以保持,大约一半的比较保留了统计学意义。当前LBP的参与者中有更多比例的人从事某种程度的背部相关残疾和/或工作水平的身体需求特征低于所需的非常繁重的工作需求。
结论:近五分之一的全职职业消防员没有记录的工作限制,报告说他们目前有LBP,这些人在五个健康领域的几个可改变的生物心理社会因素方面存在缺陷。这些发现有助于指导未来消防部门的研究和实施工作,旨在提高绩效,弹性,工作准备,recovery,和生活质量,以及减少损害,残疾,旷工和增加出勤率。
BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is highly prevalent and a top cause of disability-related early retirement in firefighters. Those with a lifetime history of LBP have various deficiencies that are associated with increased injury risk and absenteeism. However, the influence of working with current LBP on disability, physical performance, and other biopsychosocial factors has not been fully characterized in this population. The purpose of this study was to compare anthropometric measures, exercise habits, physical fitness/performance, disability/work ability, and other biopsychosocial factors of firefighters working with and without current LBP.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using baseline assessments from 419 full-duty career firefighters without documented work restrictions (age: 37.6 ± 8.8 y; 5 F, 414 M) who were enrolled in a regional wellness initiative in Southern California, USA. Current LBP status was determined by a questionnaire and confirmed by an interview. Anthropometric measures, patient-reported outcomes, and physical fitness tests were used to assess body mass index; body fat %; waist circumference; strengthening, cardiovascular, and flexibility exercise frequency; back and core muscular endurance; functional movement quality, perceived back-related disability, lift and carry ability, and firefighter task ability; sleep quality; and perceptions of fear and fatigue and catastrophic injustice experience. Scores for participants with and without current LBP were compared using analysis of variance and chi-square analysis.
RESULTS: The point prevalence of current LBP was 19.81% (83/419). For the entire cohort, those with current LBP had significantly worse scores than those without current LBP for all assessed variables, except core muscular endurance and functional movement quality. These trends held up when analyses were stratified by age and obesity categories, and approximately half of the comparisons retained statistical significance. A significantly greater percentage of participants with current LBP were working with some level of back-related disability and/or perceived physical demand characteristics of work level below the required very heavy job demands.
CONCLUSIONS: Nearly one-fifth of full-duty career firefighters without documented work restrictions reported having current LBP, and these individuals had deficits in several modifiable biopsychosocial factors across five health domains. These findings can help guide future research and implementation efforts in the fire service designed to improve performance, resiliency, work readiness, recovery, and quality of life, as well as to reduce impairment, disability, and absenteeism and increase presenteeism.