BACKGROUND: GI-specific psychological factors are important contributors to patients\' symptom experience and quality of life across all disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). Clinicians\' ability to recognize the role of these psychological factors is essential for formulating a biopsychosocial case conceptualization and informing treatment decisions.
OBJECTIVE: This article will familiarize gastroenterology providers with conceptualizing the role of GI-specific psychological factors in DGBI and provides stepwise, practical guidance for how to assess these during clinical encounters in a time-efficient manner.

BACKGROUND: Global climate and environmental changes impose a significant impact on human health by increasing prevalences of chronic and acute skin diseases. Climate-associated environmental changes can also trigger or intensify mental illnesses independently of a skin disease.
OBJECTIVE: Discussion of the effects of the climate and environmental changes on dermatological diseases applying the biopsychosocial model.
METHODS: A selective literature search in the PubMed database and other sources was conducted.
RESULTS: The biopsychosocial model considers complex interactions between biological, psychological, and social factors. In view of the consequences of climate and environmental changes, an extension of the model is proposed for the first time in order to address new challenges. The modified presentation supports the understanding of the dynamics and underscores that in dermatological care not only direct health effects of climate and environmental changes have to be dealt with, but also with an increasing number of mental illnesses, which in turn are to be regarded as direct and indirect health effects.
CONCLUSIONS: Coping with the predicted increase in the burden of disease and the decline in the available labor force associated with demographic change poses a major challenge. In order to maintain the functionality of the healthcare system, the prompt implementation of resource-efficient, sustainable measures in all areas of society is essential. The integrative consideration of dermatological and psychological complaints in the context of climate and environmental changes requires the adaptation of content for the education, training, and continuing education of specialists.
UNASSIGNED: HINTERGRUND: Die weltweiten Klima- und Umweltveränderungen üben einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die menschliche Gesundheit durch Zunahme chronischer und akuter Hauterkrankungen aus. Klimaassoziierte Umweltveränderungen können darüber hinaus unabhängig von einer Hauterkrankung psychische Erkrankungen auslösen oder intensivieren.
UNASSIGNED: Es erfolgte die Diskussion der Effekte von Klima- und Umweltveränderungen auf dermatologische Erkrankungen unter Anwendung des biopsychosozialen Modells.
METHODS: Es wurde eine selektive Literaturrecherche in der Datenbank PubMed und in weiteren Literaturquellen durchgeführt.
UNASSIGNED: Das biopsychosoziale Modell berücksichtigt komplexe Wechselwirkungen zwischen biologischen, psychologischen und sozialen Faktoren. Angesichts der Folgen der Klima- und Umweltveränderungen wird von den Autorinnen erstmalig die Ergänzung des Modells vorgeschlagen, um neue Herausforderungen zu adressieren. Die modifizierte Darstellung unterstützt das Verständnis der Dynamiken und verdeutlicht, dass in der Dermatologie nicht nur direkte gesundheitliche Auswirkungen der Klima- und Umweltveränderungen zu bewältigen sind, sondern auch eine steigende Anzahl psychischer Erkrankungen, die ihrerseits als direkte und indirekte gesundheitliche Auswirkung anzusehen sind.
CONCLUSIONS: Die Bewältigung der prognostisch steigenden Krankheitslast bei Rückgang verfügbarer Arbeitskräfte in Zusammenhang mit dem demografischen Wandel stellt eine große Herausforderung dar. Zum Erhalt der Funktionalität des Gesundheitssystems ist die zeitnahe Umsetzung ressourceneffizienter, nachhaltiger Maßnahmen in allen Bereichen der Gesellschaft unumgänglich. Die integrative Betrachtung dermatologischer und psychischer Beschwerden im Rahmen der Klima- und Umweltveränderungen erfordert die Anpassung der Inhalte für die Aus‑, Fort- und Weiterbildung von Fachkräften.

暂无摘要。

Cyclic vomiting is a disorder of gut brain interaction (DGBI) emphasizing the need for treatment of both the brain and the gut. Despite clinical success of psychological therapies for CVS, also called brain-gut treatments, an evidence-base is lacking and these treatments are available in few GI practices. This has resulted in an \"all guts no brain\" approach to CVS. The current paper is a call to action to develop more evidence and use of brain-gut therapies in CVS.

Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is a global health condition that affects thousands of people. CMP can substantially affect the functional capacity and quality of life of the people impacted, resulting in high costs for health care and social security systems. Sociodemographic factors may play a significant role in pain chronification prevention and control programs. Thus, current risk factors for CMP must be seriously considered as part of an interdisciplinary management strategy. The purpose of the study was to identify the primary sociodemographic characteristics of CMP patients at a multidisciplinary and specialized center for chronic pain. This is a retrospective investigation based on a review of medical records. Age, gender, income, and the time of onset of pain symptoms were among the variables included in the analyzed data. To analyze variables related to the duration of discomfort, a multiple regression model was utilized. Sociodemographic factors explained 37.94% of experiencing prolonged pain, according to the study\'s findings. Being female and having a family income above the minimum wage were variables that were directly proportional to discomfort duration. Age was not associated with a prolonged duration of pain perception.

暂无摘要。

METHODS: The purpose of this American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) Institute Clinical Practice Update (CPU) is to review the available evidence and provide expert advice regarding the diagnosis and management of cyclic vomiting syndrome.
METHODS: This CPU was commissioned and approved by the AGA Institute Clinical Practice Updates Committee (CPUC) and the AGA Governing Board to provide timely guidance on a topic of high clinical importance to the AGA membership, and underwent internal peer review by the CPUC and external peer review through standard procedures of Gastroenterology. This expert commentary incorporates important as well as recently published studies in this field, and it reflects the experiences of the authors who are experts in treating patients with cyclic vomiting syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Low back pain (LBP) is highly prevalent and a top cause of disability-related early retirement in firefighters. Those with a lifetime history of LBP have various deficiencies that are associated with increased injury risk and absenteeism. However, the influence of working with current LBP on disability, physical performance, and other biopsychosocial factors has not been fully characterized in this population. The purpose of this study was to compare anthropometric measures, exercise habits, physical fitness/performance, disability/work ability, and other biopsychosocial factors of firefighters working with and without current LBP.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using baseline assessments from 419 full-duty career firefighters without documented work restrictions (age: 37.6 ± 8.8 y; 5 F, 414 M) who were enrolled in a regional wellness initiative in Southern California, USA. Current LBP status was determined by a questionnaire and confirmed by an interview. Anthropometric measures, patient-reported outcomes, and physical fitness tests were used to assess body mass index; body fat %; waist circumference; strengthening, cardiovascular, and flexibility exercise frequency; back and core muscular endurance; functional movement quality, perceived back-related disability, lift and carry ability, and firefighter task ability; sleep quality; and perceptions of fear and fatigue and catastrophic injustice experience. Scores for participants with and without current LBP were compared using analysis of variance and chi-square analysis.
RESULTS: The point prevalence of current LBP was 19.81% (83/419). For the entire cohort, those with current LBP had significantly worse scores than those without current LBP for all assessed variables, except core muscular endurance and functional movement quality. These trends held up when analyses were stratified by age and obesity categories, and approximately half of the comparisons retained statistical significance. A significantly greater percentage of participants with current LBP were working with some level of back-related disability and/or perceived physical demand characteristics of work level below the required very heavy job demands.
CONCLUSIONS: Nearly one-fifth of full-duty career firefighters without documented work restrictions reported having current LBP, and these individuals had deficits in several modifiable biopsychosocial factors across five health domains. These findings can help guide future research and implementation efforts in the fire service designed to improve performance, resiliency, work readiness, recovery, and quality of life, as well as to reduce impairment, disability, and absenteeism and increase presenteeism.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe jaw function characteristics in patients with anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWoR) using the jaw function limitation scale (JFLS), and to investigate the effects of biopsychosocial risk factors on limited jaw function.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study of 636 patients with ADDWoR (females, 568; males, 68), we used the JFLS to assess jaw function. Behavioral, psychological, sociodemographic, and biomedical data were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors affecting limited jaw function. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive effect of these risk factors.
RESULTS: ADDWoR-associated limitations included restricted jaw mobility and mastication, which exceeded median global functional limitations scale scores, especially mouth opening to bite an apple and chewing tough food. Females had greater limitations in jaw mobility, verbal and emotional communication, and overall. Multivariate logistic regression analysis findings indicated that oral behaviors, anxiety, sex, pain intensity, and maximal mouth opening (MMO) were predictive of limited jaw function (area under the curve, 72 %).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with ADDWoR reported mastication and jaw mobility restrictions, with females having more pronounced limitations, and specific risk factors identified as significant predictors of jaw function limitations. Along with pain relief and improvement in MMO, appropriate psychological counseling and oral behavioral correction facilitates recovery of jaw function in such patients.

BACKGROUND: John Henryism (JH) is a behavioral predisposition for high-effort coping with adversity. JH has been associated with hypertension in Black Americans with low socioeconomic status (SES) and is also found to be associated with psychological well-being. Sickle cell disease (SCD), a rare genetic disease largely affecting Black Americans in the United States, presents as a chronic condition that may benefit from a deeper understanding of the impact of JH on overall health.
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the association between high and low JH and diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, hypertension prevalence, and sleep function. We relied on the biopsychosocial transaction model to adjust for relevant clinical and sociodemographic variables.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional secondary analysis of 274 adults with SCD living in the United States and recruited between 2014 and 2020. Study visits consisted of physical examinations, medical history, demographic, and psychosocial questionnaires. Adjusted linear regressions estimated associations between high and low JH and diastolic and systolic blood pressure as well as self-reported sleep function. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations with hypertension prevalence.
RESULTS: High JH was significantly associated with lower diastolic blood pressure (β =  - 2.98; 95% confidence interval =  - 5.92, - 0.04) but higher sleep dysfunction (β = 2.76; 95% confidence interval = 1.45, 4.07).
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, we found positive psychological coping resources associated with high JH, with the exception of sleep.
BACKGROUND:
RESULTS: gov Identifier: NCT02156102.