自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)是一种复杂的发育性疾病,其特征是在社会交往中持续存在困难。言语和非语言交流,和限制性/重复性活动。我们的目标是通过早期行为筛查,让人们对ASD的神经发育有更进一步的认识,基因检测,以及各种环境触发因素的检测。这将大大减少具有自闭症特征的人的数量。截至目前,在理解和治疗ASD方面还有很多工作要做。首先,必须组织和保持提高认识运动,以便能够识别和治疗ASD儿童。其次,产前和孕前环境风险意识,包括反对近亲婚姻的建议,关于最佳母亲营养的信息,尽量减少污染物的暴露,可以集中。最后,基因筛查的扩展以及新生儿喂养的早期产后监测,营养,眼神交流有助于早期治疗。自闭症患者有严格的饮食习惯,但它们也更容易出现胃肠道问题,包括腹泻,便秘,有时还有肠易激综合征.尽管对ASD的症状和可能原因进行了大量研究,胃肠道功能障碍正在成为讨论的热点问题。由于肠道微生物群和大脑活动之间的联系,饮食策略可以部分帮助缓解胃肠道和行为问题。饮食治疗可能更便宜,比药物干预更容易给药,不良反应更少。因此,人们对自闭症儿童的定制饮食和补品越来越感兴趣。未来的研究应该看看这些饮食是否适用于不同的人,以及它们在各种情况下是否实用(资源较少的地区,社会经济较低的地区,有不同饮食限制的国家,等。).饮食中的植物化学物质,包括姜黄素,白藜芦醇,柚皮苷,还有萝卜硫素,具有作为神经治疗剂的重要作用。这些试剂可以作为抗氧化剂,免疫调节剂,肠道菌群调节剂和Nrf2激活剂为ASD患者提供益处。因此,迫切需要为这些膳食植物化学物质创建脑靶向递送方法,并研究其在ASD中的治疗价值。
Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complicated developmental disease characterized by persistent difficulties in social interaction, speech and nonverbal communication, and restricted/ repetitive activities. Our goal is to deliver a step ahead awareness on neurodevelopment in ASD through early behavioral screenings, genetic testing, and detection of various environmental triggers. This would significantly reduce the tally of people with autistic characteristics. As of now, much work is to be done in understanding and treating ASD. Firstly, awareness campaigns must be organized and maintained so that ASD children can be identified and treated feasibly. Secondly, prenatal and prepregnancy environmental risk awareness, including advice against consanguineous marriages, information on optimum mother nutrition, and minimizing pollutants exposure, can be focused. Finally, the extension of genetic screening along with early postnatal monitoring of newborn feeding, nutrition, and eye contact will help in early therapy. People with ASD have strict dietary habits, but they are also more prone to gastrointestinal problems, including diarrhoea, constipation, and sometimes irritable bowel syndrome. Despite significant studies on the symptoms and possible causes of ASD, GI dysfunction is becoming a hot issue of discussion. Dietary strategies can partially help to alleviate both GI and behavioural issues due to the link between gut-microbiota and brain activity. Dietary treatments may be less expensive, easier to administer and have fewer adverse effects than pharmacological interventions. Hence, there is an increasing interest in autistic children\'s customized diets and supplements. Future studies should look at whether these diets are applicable to diverse people and whether they are practical in various circumstances (areas with fewer resources, lower socioeconomic areas, countries with different dietary restrictions, etc.). The dietary phytochemicals, including curcumin, resveratrol, naringenin, and sulforaphane, have a substantial role as neurotherapeutic agents. These agents can act as an antioxidant, immunomodulator, gut microbiota modulator and Nrf2 activator to provide benefits to ASD patients. Hence an urgent need is to create brain-targeted delivery methods for these dietary phytochemicals and to investigate their therapeutic value in ASD.