锌纳米颗粒(ZnNPs)与生物炭的整合通过提高植物生产力和人类营养为可持续农业提供了一种变革性方法。这种组合改善了土壤健康,优化营养吸收,增加对环境压力的适应能力,导致优异的作物性能。我们的文献综述表明,将ZnNPs与生物炭结合可以显着提高作物的营养成分,包括蛋白质,维生素,糖,糖和次生代谢产物。这种增强提高了植物对环境挑战的耐受性,作物质量,和保质期。该技术通过提高Zn水平的生物强化粮食作物来解决全球缺锌问题,如绿豆,生菜,西红柿,小麦,玉米,大米,柑橘,苹果,和微绿。此外,ZnNPs和生物炭通过增强保水性来改善土壤性质,阳离子交换容量(CEC),和微生物活性,使土壤更肥沃和生产力。生物炭的多孔结构有利于Zn的缓慢和持续释放,确保其长期的生物利用度,并减少频繁施用肥料的需要。这种协同作用促进了可持续的农业实践,并减少了传统耕作方法的环境足迹。然而,潜在的生态风险,如生物放大,纳米粒子积累,和毒性需要仔细考虑。全面的风险评估和管理策略对于确保农业利益不损害环境或人类健康至关重要。未来的研究应侧重于在农业中部署ZnNPs的可持续做法,平衡粮食安全和生态完整性,并将这种方法定位为营养高效和可持续农业的可行解决方案。
The integration of zinc nanoparticles (Zn NPs) with biochar offers a transformative approach to sustainable agriculture by enhancing plant productivity and human nutrition. This combination improves soil health, optimizes nutrient uptake, and increases resilience to environmental stressors, leading to superior crop performance. Our literature review shows that combining Zn NPs with biochar significantly boosts the crop nutrient composition, including proteins, vitamins, sugars, and secondary metabolites. This enhancement improves the plant tolerance to environmental challenges, crop quality, and shelf life. This technique addresses the global issue of Zn deficiency by biofortifying food crops with increased Zn levels, such as mung beans, lettuce, tomatoes, wheat, maize, rice, citrus, apples, and microgreens. Additionally, Zn NPs and biochar improve soil properties by enhancing water retention, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and microbial activity, making soils more fertile and productive. The porous structure of biochar facilitates the slow and sustained release of Zn, ensuring its bioavailability over extended periods and reducing the need for frequent fertilizer applications. This synergy promotes sustainable agricultural practices and reduces the environmental footprint of the traditional farming methods. However, potential ecological risks such as biomagnification, nanoparticle accumulation, and toxicity require careful consideration. Comprehensive risk assessments and management strategies are essential to ensure that agricultural benefits do not compromise the environmental or human health. Future research should focus on sustainable practices for deploying Zn NPs in agriculture, balancing food security and ecological integrity and positioning this approach as a viable solution for nutrient-efficient and sustainable agriculture.