包裹,销售和礼物:汉斯·索特在福尔摩沙和欧洲之间的昆虫学实践,1902-1914.对全球生物多样性的探索是一种知识生产形式,必须以样本为基础。在绘制自然世界图表的过程中,不仅思想和著作穿越海洋,但也有大量的科学对象。德国昆虫学家汉斯·索特(HansSauter,1871-1943)一生的大部分时间都在福尔摩沙度过,然后是日本殖民地.他的明确目标是完成福尔摩沙整个动物区系的清单。他的目标是大规模生产知识,成为一名雇佣了数十名当地收藏家的收藏企业家。从1902年到1914年,他们积累了大量的昆虫,这需要收集方面的专门做法,保存,记录,和包装。Sauter送来了这些昆虫,还有数以百计的爬行动物,哺乳动物,鸟,鱼等。,给欧洲各地的动物学家,他们鉴定并发表了迄今尚未描述的物种。起初,索特卖掉了他的发现。稍后,他不再要钱——而是追求出版速度,对这些文章的内容和命名提出要求。他的要求得到了满足,尤其是达赫莱姆的德意志昆虫博物馆。尽管他的名字几乎没有出版物,索特很快在昆虫学研究领域获得了相当大的影响。在本文中,这些科学对象的流通是一个焦点,以便在全球范围内将当地情况嵌入知识生产过程中。与标本相关的实践说明了经济,知识形成的政治和社会层面。汉斯·索特的案例无视传统的二分法,因为它说明了实践和理论知识的相互依存,科学和贸易以及中心和外围。在福尔摩沙当地获得的实用知识使Sauter可以收集大量昆虫标本,他用来指导欧洲科学实践的资源。
Parcels, Sales and Gifts: Hans Sauter\'s Entomological Practices between Formosa and Europe, 1902-1914. The exploration of global biodiversity is a form of knowledge production that is necessarily specimen-based. In the endeavor to chart the natural world, not only ideas and writings travelled across the oceans, but also a flood of scientific objects. The German entomologist Hans Sauter (1871-1943) spent most of his life in Formosa, then a Japanese colony. His pronounced aim was to complete an inventory of the entire fauna of Formosa. He aimed for the mass production of knowledge, becoming a collecting-entrepreneur who employed scores of local collectors. Between 1902 and 1914, they amassed large quantities of insects, which required specialized practices in collecting, preserving, documenting, and packaging. Sauter sent these insects, but also hundreds of reptiles, mammals, birds, fish etc., to zoologists all over Europe who identified and published hitherto undescribed species. At first, Sauter sold his finds. Later, he stopped asking for money - pushing instead for speed in publication and making demands about the content and naming of these articles. His demands were met, especially by the Deutsches Entomologisches Museum in Dahlem. Despite almost no publications to his name, Sauter quickly gained considerable influence in the world of entomological research. In this paper, the circulation of these scientific objects serves as a focal point in order to embed local circumstances in the process of knowledge production in a global context. The practices associated with the specimens illustrate the economic, political and social dimensions of the formation of knowledge. Hans Sauter\'s case defies traditional dichotomies as it illustrates the interdependence of practical and theoretical knowledge, of science and trade and of center and periphery. Practical knowledge gained in a local setting in Formosa allowed Sauter to amass large amounts of insect specimens, a resource he used to steer the course of scientific practice in Europe.