Advancements in mycelium technology, stemming from fungal electronics and the development of living mycelium composites and skins, have opened new avenues in the fusion of biological and artificial systems. This paper explores an experimental endeavour that successfully incorporates living, self-regenerating, and reactive Ganoderma sessile mycelium into a model cyborg figure, creating a bio-cybernetic entity. The mycelium, cultivated using established techniques, was homogeneously grown on the cyborg model\'s surface, demonstrating robust reactivity to various stimuli such as light exposure and touch. This innovative merger points towards the future of sustainable biomaterials and the potential integration of these materials into new and existing technologies.

This paper presents a hardware platform including stimulating implants wirelessly powered and controlled by a shared transmitter for coordinated leadless multisite stimulation. The adopted novel single-transmitter, multiple-implant structure can flexibly deploy stimuli, improve system efficiency, easily scale stimulating channel quantity and relieve efforts in device synchronization. In the proposed system, a wireless link leveraging magnetoelectric effects is co-designed with a robust and efficient system-on-chip to enable reliable operation and individual programming of every implant. Each implant integrates a 0.8-mm2 chip, a 6-mm2 magnetoelectric film, and an energy storage capacitor within a 6.2-mm3 size. Magnetoelectric power transfer is capable of safely transmitting milliwatt power to devices placed several centimeters away from the transmitter coil, maintaining good efficiency with size constraints and tolerating 60-degree, 1.5-cm misalignment in angular and lateral movement. The SoC robustly operates with 2-V source amplitude variations that spans a 40-mm transmitter-implant distance change, realizes individual addressability through physical unclonable function IDs, and achieves 90% efficiency for 1.5-to-3.5-V stimulation with fully programmable stimulation parameters.

Bioelectronic devices, interfacing neural tissue for therapeutic, diagnostic, or rehabilitation purposes, rely on small electrode contacts in order to achieve highly sophisticated communication at the neural interface. Reliable recording and safe stimulation with small electrodes, however, are limited when conventional electrode metallizations are used, demanding the development of new materials to enable future progress within bioelectronics. In this study, we present a versatile process for the realization of nanostructured platinum (nanoPt) coatings with a high electrochemically active surface area, showing promising biocompatibility and providing low impedance, high charge injection capacity, and outstanding long-term stability both for recording and stimulation. The proposed electrochemical fabrication process offers exceptional control over the nanoPt deposition, allowing the realization of specific coating morphologies such as small grains, pyramids, or nanoflakes, and can moreover be scaled up to wafer level or batch fabrication under economic process conditions. The suitability of nanoPt as a coating for neural interfaces is here demonstrated, in vitro and in vivo, revealing superior stimulation performance under chronic conditions. Thus, nanoPt offers promising qualities as an advanced neural interface coating which moreover extends to the numerous application fields where a large (electro)chemically active surface area contributes to increased efficiency.

Peptide fibril nanostructures have been advocated as components of future biotechnology and nanotechnology devices. However, the ability to exploit the fibril functionality for applications, such as catalysis or electron transfer, depends on the formation of well-defined architectures. Fibrils made of peptides substituted with aromatic groups are described presenting efficient electron delocalization. Peptide self-assembly under various conditions produced polymorphic fibril products presenting distinctly different conductivities. This process is driven by a collective set of hydrogen bonding, electrostatic, and π-stacking interactions, and as a result it can be directed towards formation of a distinct polymorph by using the medium to enhance specific interactions rather than the others. This method facilitates the detailed characterization of different polymorphs, and allows specific conditions to be established that lead to the polymorph with the highest conductivity.

In experimental laboratory studies we evaluate a possibility of making electrical wires from living plants. In scoping experiments we use lettuce seedlings as a prototype model of a plant wire. We approximate an electrical potential transfer function by applying direct current voltage to the lettuce seedlings and recording output voltage. We analyse oscillation frequencies of the output potential and assess noise immunity of the plant wires. Our findings will be used in future designs of self-growing wetware circuits and devices, and integration of plant-based electronic components into future and emergent bio-hybrid systems.