目的:描述结节性局限性皮肤神经纤维瘤(NLCN)的超声特征。
方法:回顾性分析北京大学深圳医院2014年10月至2022年5月收治的40例经病理证实为NLCNs的43个病灶的临床特征和超声特征。位置,长度与厚度(L/T)比,厚度宽度比(T/W),形状,margin,胶囊,回声,回声结构,后部特征,血管,和“大鼠尾巴标志”进行了评估。
结果:所有超声检查结果几乎完全一致。超过一半的NLCN(n=24,55.8%,p<0.001)完全位于皮下脂肪层,与真皮和深筋膜有很好的界限。大多数NLCNs呈梭形(n=27,62.8%,p<0.001)在长轴和椭圆形中(n=35,81.4%,短轴上p<0.001)。NLCNs的其他超声发现包括明确的(n=42,97.7%,p<0.001),封装(n=39,90.7%,p<0.001),主要是低回声(n=34,79.1%,p<0.001),均匀(n=39,90.7%,p<0.001),后增强(n=29,67.4%,p=0.033),和无血管性(n=37,86.0%,p<0.001)。只有四分之一(n=11,25.6%,p=0.002)的病变被识别为“大鼠尾巴”。\"
结论:NLCNs在长轴上呈梭形,在短轴上呈圆形。NLCNs的常见超声发现是明确的,封装,主要是低回声,具有后部增强的均匀病变,血液供应不足。“鼠尾征”在NLCN中的敏感性较低。
OBJECTIVE: To describe the ultrasound characteristics of nodular localized cutaneous neurofibroma (NLCN).
METHODS: Clinical features and ultrasound characteristics of 43 lesions of 40 patients pathologically proven as NLCNs at Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from October 2014 to May 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. The location, length-to-thickness (L/T) ratio, thickness-to-width (T/W) ratio, shape, margin, capsule, echogenicity, echotexture, posterior features, vascularity, and \"rat tail sign\" were evaluated.
RESULTS: All ultrasound findings showed almost perfect agreement. More than a half of NLCNs (n = 24, 55.8%, p < 0.001) were located in the subcutaneous fat layer wholly with well-demarcation from dermis and deep fascia. Most of the NLCNs were fusiform shape (n = 27, 62.8%, p < 0.001) in the long axis and oval shape (n = 35, 81.4%, p < 0.001) in the short axis. The other ultrasound findings of NLCNs included well-defined (n = 42, 97.7%, p < 0.001), encapsulated (n = 39, 90.7%, p < 0.001), predominately hypoechoic (n = 34, 79.1%, p < 0.001), homogeneous (n = 39, 90.7%, p < 0.001), posterior enhancement (n = 29, 67.4%, p = 0.033), and avascularity (n = 37, 86.0%, p < 0.001). Only a quarter (n = 11, 25.6%, p = 0.002) of lesions were recognized with the \"rat tail sign.\"
CONCLUSIONS: NLCNs present as fusiform shape in long axis and round shape in short axis. The common ultrasound findings of NLCNs are well-defined, encapsulated, predominately hypoechoic, homogeneous lesion with posterior enhancement, and poor blood supply. The \"rat tail sign\" has low sensitivity in NLCNs.