在本文中,我建议,如果我们致力于接受对人格的门槛方法,据此,所有超过门槛的生物都是道德地位平等的人,也有充分的理由认识到人类怀孕将达到的第二个门槛,这将赋予孕妇暂时的优越道德地位。这个提议不是基于胎儿的道德状况,而是关于孕妇的道德状况.不仅胎儿是一种特殊的生物:孕妇,还,是一个独特的存在。根据几乎所有关于胎儿道德状况的观点,孕妇应该被视为,她自己,不仅仅是一个奇异的个体。她是,她自己,\'多个\'。孕妇也是人类持续生存所必需的,承认更高地位有重要的基于正义的理由。此外,承认孕妇优越的道德地位并不意味着怀孕应该总是被视为可取的,或暗示任何关于堕胎允许性的立场。我的提议并不像看起来那么激进,因为它不要求孕妇总是接受优越的治疗,但只是他们应该在某种程度上。它可能会产生一系列潜在的积极实际后果。最后,我的方法不会威胁,而是促进,人类平等。
In this paper, I suggest that, if we are committed to accepting a threshold approach to personhood, according to which all beings above the threshold are persons with equal moral status, there are strong reasons to also recognise a second threshold that would be reached through human pregnancy, and that would confer on pregnant women a temporary superior moral status. This proposal is not based on the moral status of the fetus, but on the moral status of the pregnant woman. It is not only the fetus which is an organism sui generis: the pregnant woman, also, is a unique being. Following almost any view on the moral status of the fetus, the pregnant woman should be regarded, herself, as more than a singular individual. She is, herself, \'more than one\'. Pregnant women are also necessary for the continued survival of the human species, and there are important justice-based reasons to recognise the higher status. Furthermore, the recognition of a superior moral status for pregnant women does not imply that pregnancy should always be viewed as desirable, or imply any position on the permissibility of abortion. My proposal is not as radical as it might seem, as it does not require that pregnant women should always receive superior treatment, but only that they should to some extent. It could have a range of potential positive practical consequences. Finally, my approach does not threaten, but rather promotes, human equality.