■营养在优化职业足球运动员的健康和表现方面的重要性已经得到了很好的确立。尽管已发布了有关职业足球运动员饮食要求的实用建议,许多球员不符合这些准则。因此,本研究的主要目的是评估有针对性的营养教育和行为改变干预措施对职业足球运动员饮食摄入的影响.此外,先前在该人群中的研究报告了比赛后静息代谢率(RMR)的升高.因此,这项研究的另一个目的是检查饮食摄入的任何变化是否会影响比赛后的RMR.
■来自英超联赛俱乐部职业发展阶段的20名球员(年龄:18.4±1.0岁;体重:76.1±6.0kg;身高:1.80±0.07m)被随机分配到“干预”(INT)组(n=10),他们接受了大量的营养教育和行为改变干预,或“控制”(CON)组(n=10),他们没有得到营养支持。在整个比赛周(比赛日(MD)-2,MD-1,MD,MD+1和MD+2),而在MD-1、MD+1和MD+2上评估RMR。使用两因素(组和日)方差分析(ANOVA)和随后的Bonferroni事后检验,对干预对饮食摄入量和RMR的影响进行了统计分析。
■平均能量(3393±852vs.2572±577kcal·day-1)和CHO(5.36±1.9vs.与INT相比,3.47±1.1g·kg-1BW·day-1)摄入量显着增加(p<0.001)CON组。此外,INT组实施营养周期化措施,因为在MD-1(7.0±1.7g·kg-1BM·day-1)上CHO的摄入量显着增加,MD(7.1±1.4g·kg-1BM·day-1)和MD1(5.1±0.8g·kg-1BM·day-1)。然而,CON组没有定期补充CHO的摄入量,也没有达到CHO关于MD-1,MD,和MD+1(<4g·kg-1BM·day-1)。与MD-1相比,两组在MD1和MD2上的RMR均增加,尽管仅在INT组中具有统计学意义(MD1=243kcal·day-1;MD2=179kcal·day-1)。
■实施有针对性的营养教育和行为改变干预措施改善了职业足球运动员的饮食习惯,并使他们能够更好地遵守推荐指南。然而,尽管如此,在比赛结束后的24-48小时内,RMR仍然升高。因此,为了优化回收,这一发现进一步加强了职业足球运动员采取满足能量的策略的必要性,尤其是CHO,比赛后的急性期要求,以解决能源需求的增加。
UNASSIGNED: The importance of nutrition in optimizing the health and performance of professional soccer players has been well established. Despite published practical recommendations for the dietary requirements for professional soccer players, many players fail to meet these guidelines. Thus, the primary purpose of this study was to assess the impact of targeted nutritional education and behavior change interventions on dietary intake in professional football players. Additionally, previous research within this population has reported elevations in resting metabolic rate (RMR) following match-play. Therefore, a further aim of this study was to examine whether any changes in dietary intake would influence RMR following match-play.
UNASSIGNED: Twenty players from the professional development phase in an English Premier League club (age: 18.4 ± 1.0 years; body mass: 76.1 ± 6.0 kg; stature: 1.80 ± 0.07 m) were randomly assigned to an \"Intervention\" (INT) group (n = 10), who received numerous nutritional education and behavior change interventions, or a \"Control\" (CON) group (n = 10), who received no nutrition support. Dietary intake was assessed daily throughout the match-week (Match Day (MD)-2, MD-1, MD, MD + 1, and MD + 2), whilst RMR was assessed on MD-1, MD + 1, and MD + 2. Statistical analyses on the intervention effects on dietary intake and RMR were carried out using a two factor (group and day) analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a subsequent Bonferroni post-hoc test.
UNASSIGNED: Mean energy (3393 ± 852 vs. 2572 ± 577 kcal · day-1) and CHO (5.36 ± 1.9 vs. 3.47 ± 1.1 g · kg-1 BW · day-1) intake was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the INT vs. CON group. Furthermore, the INT group implemented nutrition periodization practices as CHO intake was significantly increased on MD-1 (7.0 ± 1.7 g · kg-1 BM · day-1), MD (7.1 ± 1.4 g · kg-1 BM · day-1) and MD + 1 (5.1 ± 0.8 g · kg-1 BM · day-1). However, the CON group did not periodize their CHO intake and failed to meet the CHO recommendations on MD-1, MD, and MD + 1 (<4 g · kg-1 BM · day-1). Compared to MD-1, the RMR increased on MD + 1 and MD + 2 in both groups, although it was only statistically significant for the INT group (MD + 1 = +243 kcal · day-1; MD + 2 = +179 kcal · day-1).
UNASSIGNED: The implementation of targeted nutritional education and behavior change interventions resulted in improved dietary practices in professional football players and enabled better adherence to recommended guidelines. However, despite this, RMR was still elevated in the 24-48 h following match play. Thus, in order to optimize recovery, this finding further reinforces the need for professional football players to adopt strategies to meet energy, and particularly CHO, requirements in the acute period following a match in order to account for this increase in energy requirement.