背景:人们反复吞服固体药物有困难,这可能与药物的大小以及个体的年龄和性别有关。
目的:评估胶囊大小和成人年龄和性别对胶囊吞咽过程中口腔和咽部胶囊转运的影响。
方法:在49名健康个体(17名男性和32名女性)的吞咽过程中,使用透视法测量胶囊的口腔和咽部转运。平均年龄46岁(23至88岁)。用0.50mL硫酸钡填充较小的胶囊,和较大的胶囊填充0.95mL的硫酸钡;在每次摄入中也定量与胶囊一起摄入的液体的体积。测量包括口服准备时间,口腔运输时间,吞咽反应时间,时间到喉前庭关闭,喉前庭闭合时间,咽部传输时间,食管上括约肌开放时间。
结果:胶囊大小不影响口腔或咽部传输时间。更大的胶囊和40岁以上的人摄入的液体量增加。老年人(60-88岁)的口腔转运时间较短,女性的喉前庭闭合时间更长。
结论:与较小的胶囊相比,大胶囊的大小在口腔或咽部转运方面没有差异。胶囊的大小和参与者的年龄影响液体摄入的体积-更大的胶囊和老年人需要更大的体积。60岁以上的个体的胶囊口服转运更快。
背景:•吞咽受到吞咽特征的影响。
背景:•包含0.50mL或0.95mL的吞咽胶囊没有差异。
背景:•较大的胶囊需要更多的液体摄入,以使吞咽更容易。
背景:•40岁以上的人比年轻人需要更大量的液体来吞咽胶囊。
BACKGROUND: People recurrently have difficulties swallowing solid medications, which can be associated with the size of the medication and the age and gender of individuals.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of capsule size and adults\' age and gender on oral and pharyngeal capsule transit during capsule swallows.
METHODS: Videofluoroscopy was used to measure capsule oral and pharyngeal transit during swallows in 49 healthy individuals (17 men and 32 women), with a mean age of 46 years (ranging from 23 to 88 years). Smaller capsules were filled with 0.50 mL of barium sulfate, and larger capsules were filled with 0.95 mL of barium sulfate; the volume of liquid ingested with the capsules was also quantified in each ingestion. The measurements included the oral preparation time, oral transit time, swallowing reaction time, time to laryngeal vestibule closure, laryngeal vestibule closure duration, pharyngeal transit time, and upper esophageal sphincter opening duration.
RESULTS: The capsule size did not influence either the oral or pharyngeal transit time. Increased liquid volume was ingested with larger capsules and by people older than 40 years. The oral transit time was shorter in older adults (60-88 years), and the time to laryngeal vestibule closure was longer in women.
CONCLUSIONS: The size of large capsules did not make a difference in oral or pharyngeal transit when compared with smaller capsules. The capsule size and the participant\'s age influenced the volume of liquid ingested - larger capsules and older individuals required a larger volume. The capsule oral transit was faster in individuals older than 60 years.
BACKGROUND: •Swallowing is influenced by the characteristics of what is being swallowed.
BACKGROUND: •There was no difference in swallowing capsules containing 0.50 mL or 0.95 mL.
BACKGROUND: •Larger capsules need more liquid ingestion to make swallowing easier.
BACKGROUND: •Individuals older than 40 years need a greater volume of liquid to swallow capsules than younger adults.