关于尿道病毒及其与宿主的相互作用知之甚少,特别是在肾移植疾病中。使用宏基因组测序,我们对23例肾移植受者(11例BKV+患者和12例BKV-患者)的尿病毒学特征进行了纵向表征。我们应用了线性混合效应模型,PERMANOVA,k均值聚类,和MaAsLin2算法来确定与移植后时间相关的病毒特征,BK病毒血症状态,耐心的性爱。我们发现,与BKV-相比,BKV的肾移植受者的尿液病毒的丰富度和α多样性随时间显着不同(丰富度P=0.012,αP<0.0001)。女性BKV患者的病毒丰富度显著高于男性(P=0.0063)。不同BKV状态患者之间的病毒基因β多样性差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。此外,我们确定了患者性别和BKV状态之间的潜在相互作用,在病毒β多样性方面(P=0.008)。BK多瘤病毒感染主要是IA亚型,IB1和IB2。非BK显性样本聚集到六个泌尿系病毒群落状态中。BKV-样品比BKV+样品具有更多的anellovirus,尽管这种差异没有统计学意义。最后,我们确定了特定的病毒,与我们样品中的BKV+和时间相关。我们的结果表明,BK病毒血症和患者性别可以改变肾移植受者在移植后时期尿液病毒学的动态变化。这些发现促进了我们对泌尿系病毒的基本理解,并支持了肾脏疾病和移植研究的新路线。
目的:尿液微生物组越来越多地与肾脏健康和疾病有关。虽然大多数研究集中在微生物组的细菌群落上,影响尿道病毒的因素尚不清楚。这里,我们纵向调查了23例成人肾移植受者在移植后14周内的尿液病毒学表现.我们表明,尿病毒改变与肾移植受者的BK多瘤病毒病毒血症有关,可导致BK肾病和同种异体移植排斥。通过对移植后的时间动力学建模,我们描述了与患者性别和泌尿系社区状态相关的泌尿系病毒学的具体概况.这些发现揭示了可以用来更好地管理肾脏疾病的泌尿系病毒的基本方面。
Little is known about the urinary virome and how it interacts with the host, particularly in renal transplant diseases. Using metagenomic sequencing, we characterized the urinary virome of 23 kidney transplant recipients longitudinally (11 BKV+ patients and 12 BKV- patients). We applied linear mixed effects models, PERMANOVA, k-means clustering, and MaAsLin2 algorithms to determine virome signatures associated with post-transplant time,
BK viremia status, and patient sex. We found that the richness and alpha diversity of urinary virome were significantly different in renal transplant recipients with BKV+ over time in comparison to BKV- (richness P = 0.012, alpha P < 0.0001). Female BKV- patients had significantly higher virome richness than males (P = 0.0063). Virome beta diversity was significantly different between patients by BKV status (P < 0.001). Additionally, we identified underlying interactions between patient sex and BKV status, in terms of virome beta diversity (P = 0.008).
BK polyomavirus infections were primarily of subtypes IA, IB1, and IB2. The non-
BK dominant samples clustered into six urinary virome community states. BKV- samples had more anelloviruses than BKV+ samples though this difference was not statistically significant. Lastly, we identified specific viruses, associated with BKV+ and time in our samples. Our results indicate that dynamic alterations in the urinary virome over the post-transplant period in kidney transplant recipients can be shaped by
BK viremia and patient sex. These findings advance our fundamental understanding of the urinary virome and support a new line of investigation in renal disease and transplantation.
OBJECTIVE: The urinary microbiome is increasingly implicated in renal health and disease. While most research focuses on bacteria communities of the microbiome, factors that influence the urinary virome are not understood. Here, we investigated the urinary virome of 23 adult kidney transplant recipients longitudinally over 14 weeks post-transplant. We show that alterations in the urinary virome are associated with kidney transplant recipients with BK polyomavirus viremia that can lead to
BK nephropathy and allograft rejection. By modeling the temporal dynamics post-transplant, we delineated specific profiles of the urinary virome associated with patient sex and urinary community states. These findings reveal fundamental aspects of the urinary virome that can be leveraged to better manage kidney diseases.