禽白血病病毒J亚组(ALV-J)和鸡传染性贫血病毒(CIAV)可以垂直传播;与这两种病原体垂直传播共感染的致病性尚未研究。在这项研究中,我们创建了一个小鸡发病率模型,其中小鸡携带ALV-J,CIAV,或通过胚胎接种两种病毒。此后,我们分析了垂直传播的同时感染CIAV和ALV-J对ALV-J致病性的影响,并进行了基于孵化的纯化试验,死亡率病毒血症阳性,和检测粪便ALV-p27抗原率,和体重。ALV-J+CIAV组孵化率为68.57%,低于单一感染组和对照组。生存曲线显示,CIAV和ALV-J合并感染组的死亡率高于单一感染组和对照组。体重统计表明,共感染加重了7-d的生长抑制作用。细胞培养上清液中ALV-p27抗原检测结果显示,ALV-J组和ALV-J+CIAV组各年龄段阳性率均为100%,对照组为0%。经肛门拭子检测ALV-p27抗原结果显示,ALV-J组各年龄段阳性率分别为92.86,90.90,88.89,93.33%,肛门拭子的ALV-Jp27阳性率低于血浆病毒分离。ALV-J+CIAV组的免疫器官指数显著或极显著低于单一感染组和对照组。免疫器官病毒载量表明,CIAV和ALV-J共同感染促进了免疫器官中ALV-J和CIAV的增殖。与ALV-J和CIAV共感染降低了鸡胚的孵化率,并增加了鸡的死亡率和生长抑制作用。此外,与ALV-J+CIAV共感染在诱导免疫器官萎缩方面甚至更有害(例如,胸腺,脾,脾andbursa),并在共感染期间促进个体病毒复制。
Avian leukemia virus subgroup J (ALV-J) and chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) can be vertically transmitted; however, the pathogenicity of vertically transmitted coinfection with these 2 pathogens has not been studied. In this study, we created a model of chick morbidity in which chicks carried either ALV-J, CIAV, or both viruses via embryo inoculation. Thereafter, we analyzed the effects of vertically transmitted coinfection with CIAV and ALV-J on the pathogenicity of ALV-J and performed a purification assay based on hatching, mortality viremia positivity, and detection of fecal ALV-p27 antigen rates, and body weight. The hatching rate of the ALV-J+CIAV group was 68.57%, lower than those of the single infection and control groups. The survival curve showed that the mortality rates of the CIAV and ALV-J coinfection groups were higher than those of the single infection and control groups. Body weight statistics showed that coinfection aggravated the 7-d growth inhibition effect. The results of ALV-p27 antigen detection in cell culture supernatants showed that the positivity rates of the ALV-J and ALV-J+CIAV groups were 100% at all ages and 0% in the control group. The results of ALV-p27 antigen detection by anal swabs showed that the positivity rates of the ALV-J group were 92.86, 90.90, 88.89, and 93.33% at all ages, and that the ALV-J p27 positivity detection rate of anal swabs was lower than that of plasma virus isolation. The immune organ index of the ALV-J+CIAV group was significantly or very significantly lower than those of the single infection and control groups. The immune organ viral load showed that coinfection with CIAV and ALV-J promoted the proliferation of ALV-J and CIAV in immune organs. Coinfection with ALV-J and CIAV reduced chicken embryo hatchability and increased chick mortality and growth inhibition relative to their respective single infections. Additionally, coinfection with ALV-J + CIAV was even more detrimental in inducing immune organ atrophy (e.g., the thymus, spleen, and bursa), and promoted individual virus replication during coinfection.