口渴是一种重要的动机成分,可以调节条件的强度;先驱研究表明,在条件性味觉厌恶(CTA)的厌恶记忆消失率中观察到的大鼠性二态性受流体剥夺状态的影响。另一方面,以前的证据表明,在调节之前和期间的液体摄入量和时间背景可能会影响CTA。此外,尽管CTA已被证明使用了各种类型的刺激,根据所使用的刺激和调节阶段,水和营养平衡的神经处理和稳态调节可能会有所不同。因此,这项研究探讨了由口渴和满足激发的状态的影响,使用糖精,作为一种无热量的甜味刺激,在类似的上下文和时间条件下,在CTA和厌恶性记忆灭绝过程中。首先,我们在雄性和雌性成年大鼠中实施了一种随意饮水方案,以评估糖精厌恶记忆的形成;我们将其与传统的CTA在相同的背景和时间消耗条件下进行了液体剥夺。此外,我们分别评估了液体饱腹感是否会影响获取或厌恶记忆的恢复。我们的结果表明,随意使用液体方案可以可靠地量化基础用水量,每小时监控超过五天。我们观察到一个可靠的CTA,在雄性和雌性大鼠中,厌恶记忆的程度及其消失程度明显更高;观察到的强CTA主要是由于味觉厌恶记忆检索过程中的饱腹感。我们的数据表明,尽管液体剥夺不影响CTA的获取,它确实会导致厌恶性检索表达和快速厌恶性记忆灭绝的程度减弱,男性和女性也是如此。总的来说,结果表明,在检索过程中满足液体需求的需求超过了学习到的条件厌恶,暗示,口渴是CTA检索过程中支配厌恶反应的临时变量的来源。
Thirst is an essential motivational component that could modulate the strength of conditioning; pioneer studies show that the rats\' sexual dimorphism observed in the rate of
aversive memory extinction of conditioned taste aversion (CTA) is affected by the state of fluid deprivation. On the other hand, previous evidence suggests that fluid intake volume and temporal context before and during conditioning may influence CTA. Furthermore, although CTA has been demonstrated using various types of stimuli, neural processing and homeostatic regulation of water and nutritional balance may differ depending on the stimulus used and the conditioning stages. Therefore, this study explored the effects of state motivated by thirst and satiation, using saccharin, as a non-caloric sweet stimulus, during CTA and the aversive memory extinction process under similar contextual and temporal conditions. First, we implemented an ad libitum water protocol in male and female adult rats to evaluate saccharin
aversive memory formation; we compared this with a traditional CTA with liquid deprivation in the same context and temporal consumption conditions. Furthermore, we evaluated whether liquid satiety affects the acquisition or the
aversive memory retrieval differentially. Our results show that the ad libitum liquid regimen allows reliable quantifications of basal water consumption, monitored every hour for more than five days. We observed a reliable CTA, where the magnitude of
aversive memory and its extinction is significantly higher in both male and female rats; the strong CTA observed is substantially due to the satiety state during taste aversion memory retrieval. Our data show that although liquid deprivation does not affect CTA acquisition, it does induce weakness in the magnitude of aversive retrieval expression and fast
aversive memory extinction, similarly in male and females. Overall, the results indicate that the need to satiate the demand for liquids during retrieval prevails over the conditioned aversion learned, suggesting, that thirst is a source of temporary variables dominating the aversive responses during CTA retrieval.