目的:在常规牙科锥形束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)图像中可以偶然发现动脉粥样硬化。本研究旨在评估与这些血管病变相关的患病率和危险因素。
方法:对458名受试者的颌面部CBCT进行评估,并根据是否存在钙化粥样斑块分为4组:无钙化粥样斑块的受试者,患有颅内钙化动脉粥样硬化(ICA)的受试者,患有颅外钙化动脉粥样硬化(ECA)的受试者,和表现出合并病变的受试者。年龄,性别,医疗条件,家族史,和大小都有记录。对于满足参数检验假设的数据,使用方差分析,然后进行多重比较检验。卡方检验用于评估分类数据。SpearmanRho检验用于评估钙化动脉粥样硬化的发生率与受试者的医疗状况之间的相关性。
结果:在评估的458个CBCT中,29.90%表现为钙化动脉粥样硬化。老年患者的钙化动脉粥样硬化患病率明显高于年轻患者(p=0.004),男性患者的钙化动脉粥样硬化患病率明显高于女性患者(p=0.004)。男性更有可能合并颅内和颅外钙化粥样硬化,而女性更有可能单独出现颅内钙化粥样硬化(p≤0.040)。钙化动脉粥样硬化患者更有可能有高脂血症病史(p=0.001),高血压(p=0.001),和心肌梗死/冠状动脉疾病(p=0.001)。总的来说,同时表现出颅内和颅外病变的患者更可能有心血管危险因素(p=0.001).
结论:顺便提及,在CBCT中发现的钙化粥样斑块是常见的。合并动脉粥样硬化病变的受试者患心血管疾病的风险更高。CBCT中偶然钙化动脉粥样硬化的诊断需要早期转诊给医学专家,特别是如果没有心血管疾病的病史。本文受版权保护。保留所有权利。
OBJECTIVE: Atheromas can be detected incidentally in routine dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. This study aims to assess prevalence and risk factors associated with these vascular lesions.
METHODS: The maxillofacial CBCTs of 458 subjects were evaluated and divided into 4 groups based on the presence of calcified atheroma: subjects with no calcified
atheroma, subjects with intracranial calcified
atheroma (ICA), subjects with extracranial calcified
atheroma (ECA), and subjects exhibiting combined lesions. Age, sex, medical conditions, family history, and size were documented. Analysis of variance followed by a multiple comparison test was used for data satisfying parametric test assumptions. Chi-squared tests were used to assess categorical data. The Spearman Rho test was used to assess the correlation between the incidence of calcified
atheroma and subjects\' medical condition.
RESULTS: Of the 458 CBCTs evaluated, 29.90% presented with calcified
atheroma. Calcified atheroma prevalence was significantly higher in older patients versus younger patients (p = 0.004) and in males compared to females (p = 0.004). Males were more likely to have the combination of ICA and ECA, whereas females were more likely to have ICA alone (p ≤ 0.040). Patients with calcified atheroma were significantly more likely to have a history of hyperlipidemia (p = 0.001), hypertension (p = 0.001), and myocardial infarction/coronary artery diseases (p = 0.001). Overall, patients exhibiting both intracranial and extracranial lesions were more likely to have cardiovascular risk factors (p = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Incidentally detected calcified atheromas in CBCTs are common. Subjects with combined
atheroma lesions are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease. The diagnosis of incidental calcified atheromas in CBCT\'s warrants early referral to medical specialists, especially if there is no medical history of existing cardiovascular disease.