生物打印是一种自动化的生物组装方法,能够形成人体组织样构建体以恢复或替换受损组织。不管采用何种生物打印方法,细胞承受机械应力,这可能会影响它们的存活和功能。在这项研究中,我们研究了合成细胞样单位的使用,巨大的单层囊泡(GUV),作为人类细胞在打印后的细胞功能的佐剂,或者在未来作为人类细胞的完全替代。我们分析了两种基于喷嘴的生物打印方法(按需滴落和挤出生物打印)对结构的影响,稳定性,和GUV的功能。我们发现,在0.5bar打印时,超过65%的GUV保持完整,证明了使用GUV作为合成细胞来源的潜力。我们通过将聚乙二醇(PEG)引入GUV脂质膜来进一步提高GUV在细胞培养基中的稳定性。PEG的存在,然而,减少了印刷后GUV的结构特性,并减少了GUV与人体细胞的相互作用。尽管PEG-GUV的设计仍可以在未来的研究中进行修改,以获得更好的细胞-GUV相互作用,我们证明了GUV是功能性印后的。装载有荧光染料的氯蛋白e6-PEG-GUV是生物打印的,他们只在光照下释放了印后染料。这是交付运营商的新战略,如生长因子,毒品,营养素,或气体,在毫米到厘米的大型生物打印标本中。总的来说,我们表明,打印的GUV可以增强人造人体组织的功能。
Bioprinting is an automated bioassembly method that enables the formation of human tissue-like constructs to restore or replace damaged tissues. Regardless of the employed bioprinting method, cells undergo mechanical stress that can impact their survival and function postprinting. In this study, we investigate the use of a synthetic cell-like unit, giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), as adjuvants of the cellular function of human cells postprinting, or in future as the complete replacement of human cells. We analyzed the impact of two nozzle-based bioprinting methods (drop-on-demand and extrusion bioprinting) on the structure, stability, and function of GUVs. We showed that over 65% of the GUVs remain intact when printing at 0.5 bar, demonstrating the potential of using GUVs as a synthetic cell source. We further increased the stability of GUVs in a cell culture medium by introducing polyethylene glycol (PEG) into the GUV lipid membrane. The presence of PEG, however, diminished the structural properties of GUVs postprinting, and reduced the interaction of GUVs with human cells. Although the design of PEG-GUVs can still be modified in future studies for better cell-GUV interactions, we demonstrated that GUVs are functional postprinting. Chlorin e6-PEG-GUVs loaded with a fluorescent dye were bioprinted, and they released the dye postprinting only upon illumination. This is a new strategy to deliver carriers, such as growth factors, drugs, nutrients, or gases, inside large bioprinted specimens on a millimeter to centimeter scale. Overall, we showed that printed GUVs can augment the functionality of manufactured human tissues.