广泛使用的C60富勒烯纳米颗粒(C60)导致它们释放到水生环境中,这可能会影响砷(As)等污染物的分布和毒性,水生生物。在这项研究中,砷酸盐(As(V))积累,在Daniorerio(斑马鱼)肠道中确定了物种形成和亚细胞分布,头部和肌肉组织在C60的存在。同时,我们比较了单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT),氧化石墨烯(GO)和石墨烯(GN)纳米颗粒改变了As(V)的行为。结果表明,C60显著抑制了石竹中As的积累和毒性,由于总As和单甲基ar酸(MMA)和As(V)物种浓度的降低,金属敏感部分(MSF)的相对分布较低。这归因于C60可以覆盖As(V)离子通道,因此,影响肠道消化酶的分泌,有利于As排泄和抑制As甲基化。同样,MWCNTs降低了肠道中MMA和As(V)的物种浓度,肠中GSH(谷胱甘肽)含量低。由于其他碳基纳米材料形貌的差异,SWCNT,GO和GN对As(V)的毒性表现出不同的影响。此外,砷甜菜碱(AsB)生物合成的可能途径包括从肠道到肌肉的迁移。AsB的前体可能是2-二甲基arsinyl乙酸(DMAA)。这项研究的结果表明,C60有利于控制As(V)污染并减少As(V)生物地球化学循环在整个生态系统中的影响。
Widely-used C60 fullerene nanoparticles (C60) result in their release into the aquatic environment, which may affect the distribution and toxicity of pollutants such as arsenic (As), to aquatic organism. In this study, arsenate (As(V)) accumulation, speciation and subcellular distribution was determined in Danio rerio (zebrafish) intestine, head and muscle tissues in the presence of C60. Meanwhile we compared how single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene oxide (GO) and graphene (GN) nanoparticles alter the behaviors of As(V). Results showed that C60 significantly inhibited As accumulation and toxicity in D. rerio, due to a decrease in total As and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and As(V) species concentrations, a lower relative distribution in the metal-sensitive fraction (MSF). It was attributed that C60 may coat As(V) ion channels and consequently, affect the secretion of digestive enzymes in the gut, favoring As excretion and inhibiting As methylation. Similarly, MWCNTs reduced the species concentration of MMA and As(V) in the intestines, low GSH (glutathione) contents in the intestine. Due to the disparity of other carbon-based nanomaterial morphologies, SWCNTs, GO and GN exhibited the various effects on the toxicity of As(V). In addition, the possible pathway of arsenobetaine (AsB) biosynthesis included migration from the intestine to muscle in D. rerio, with the precursor of AsB likely to be 2-dimethylarsinylacetic acid (DMAA). The results of this study suggest that C60 is beneficial for controlling As(V) pollution and reducing the impact of As(V) biogeochemical cycles throughout the ecosystem.