背景:我们旨在评估频率,持续时间,在视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍(NMOSD)患者的随访期间,以及它与炎症活动和APS严重程度的预后因素在现实世界中的关联。
方法:我们对在随访期间经历过APS的拉丁美洲(LATAM)NMOSD患者队列进行了回顾性研究。来自墨西哥的病人,秘鲁,巴西,哥伦比亚,巴拿马,符合2015年NMOSD标准的智利和阿根廷患者被纳入。我们评估了症状类型的数据(恶心,呕吐和/或打嗝),频率,持续时间,严重程度(通过APS严重程度量表测量),与其他NMOSD核心复发的关联,和急性治疗(对症和免疫疗法或血浆置换)。进行Logistic回归评估与APS严重程度相关的因素(vs.轻度-中度)。
结果:在631名NMOSD患者中,116(18.3%)在随访期间出现APS。最常见的APS表型是严重的。炎症活性(即,复发)在APS发作后显着减少。一半的患者经历了孤立的APS,中位持续时间为10天,最常用的急性治疗是静脉注射类固醇。所有三种症状均出现在44.6%的患者中。APS症状在免疫治疗后得到缓解。Logistic回归分析未发现与APS严重程度相关的独立因素。
结论:我们的研究结果表明,18.3%的NMOSD患者在随访期间出现APS,大多数患者符合严重APS的标准。与前一年相比,APS发作后炎症活性降低。
BACKGROUND: We aimed to assess the frequency, duration, and severity of area postrema syndrome (APS) during follow-up in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients, as well as its association with inflammatory activity and prognostic factors of APS severity in a real-world setting.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study on a cohort of Latin American (LATAM) NMOSD patients who had experienced APS during their follow-up. Patients from Mexico, Peru, Brazil, Colombia, Panama, Chile and Argentina patients who met 2015 NMOSD criteria were included. We evaluated data on symptom type (nausea, vomiting and/or hiccups), frequency, duration, severity (measured by APS severity scale), association with other NMOSD core relapses, and acute treatments (symptomatic and immunotherapy or plasmapheresis). Logistic regression was conducted to evaluate factors associated with APS severity (vs. mild-moderate).
RESULTS: Out of 631 NMOSD patients, 116 (18.3%) developed APS during their follow-up. The most common APS phenotype was severe. Inflammatory activity (i.e., relapses) significantly decreased after the onset of APS. Half of the patients experienced isolated APS with a median duration of 10 days, and the most frequently used acute treatment was IV steroids. All three symptoms were present in 44.6% of the patients. APS symptoms resolved following immunotherapy. Logistic regression did not identify independent factors associated with the severity of APS.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that 18.3% of NMOSD patients developed APS during the follow-up period, with most patients fulfilling criteria for severe APS. The inflammatory activity decreased after the onset of APS compared to the previous year.