在过去的几十年中,具有显着的治疗效果和最小副作用的肿瘤治疗研究已经广泛进行。不同的药物形式受到了很多关注。然而,全身性生物分布引起疗效和安全性问题。由于其丰富的肿瘤积累和保留,肿瘤内递送药物可能会克服这些问题。从而减少副作用。递送水凝胶,纳米粒子,微针,微球药物载体直接作用于肿瘤,不仅可以实现肿瘤的靶向治疗,而且副作用小。此外,肿瘤内给药已与化疗等治疗策略相结合,增强放射治疗,免疫疗法,光疗,磁流体热疗,和多模式疗法。这些策略中的一些是正在进行的临床试验或临床应用。然而,许多障碍阻碍了它成为理想和广泛使用的选择,例如肿瘤胶原纤维阻碍的药物渗透减少,药物被高密度和高压挤出,成熟的瘤内注射技术。在这次审查中,我们系统地讨论了不同药物载体的瘤内给药以及瘤内治疗策略的最新发展。
Research for tumor treatment with significant therapy effects and minimal side-effects has been widely carried over the past few decades. Different drug forms have received a lot of attention. However, systemic biodistribution induces efficacy and safety issues. Intratumoral delivery of agents might overcome these problems because of its abundant tumor accumulation and retention, thereby reducing side effects. Delivering hydrogels, nanoparticles, microneedles, and microspheres drug carriers directly to tumors can realize not only targeted tumor therapy but also low side-effects. Furthermore, intratumoral administration has been integrated with treatment strategies such as chemotherapy, enhancing radiotherapy, immunotherapy, phototherapy, magnetic fluid hyperthermia, and multimodal therapy. Some of these strategies are ongoing clinical trials or applied clinically. However, many barriers hinder it from being an ideal and widely used option, such as decreased drug penetration impeded by collagen fibers of a tumor, drug squeezed out by high density and high pressure, mature intratumoral injection technique. In this review, we systematically discuss intratumoral delivery of different drug carriers and current development of intratumoral therapy strategies.