COVID-19疫苗显著降低了与COVID-19相关的发病率和死亡率。然而,有报告称与COVID-19疫苗接种相关的内分泌罕见临床疾病。在这份报告中,我们介绍了1例COVID-19疫苗接种后发生垂体炎的病例,并回顾了有关这种情况的文献.该病例涉及一名72岁的1型糖尿病男性,他出现了呕吐等症状,食欲减退,在他的第五次COVID-19疫苗剂量后头痛。他被诊断为继发性肾上腺功能不全;随后的评估显示垂体增大。与以前的案例不同,我们的病人部分从垂体功能不全中恢复,随着时间的推移,他的垂体功能逐渐改善。针对促肾上腺皮质激素的抗垂体抗体(APAs),促甲状腺激素,促性腺激素,在发病后3个月的血清样本中检测到了卵泡星状细胞(FSCs)。COVID-19疫苗接种后的垂体炎是一种罕见的临床疾病,截至2023年底,仅报告了8例病例,大多数发生在初次或第二次疫苗接种后。COVID-19疫苗接种后垂体炎的症状与经典垂体功能障碍的症状相似。垂体功能不全是持续的,上述8例患者中有5例出现垂体后叶功能障碍,3例仅出现垂体前叶功能障碍。这8名患者中有2名患有自身免疫性疾病。我们的案例表明了获得性免疫之间的潜在联系,APA生产,和垂体损伤。为了阐明与COVID-19疫苗接种相关的垂体炎的病因,有必要对COVID-19疫苗接种后出现非特异性症状的患者进行详细调查.
COVID-19 vaccines have resulted in a remarkable reduction in both the morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19. However, there are reports of endocrine rare clinical conditions linked to COVID-19 vaccination. In this report, we present a case of hypophysitis following COVID-19 vaccination and review the literature on this condition. This case involved a 72-year-old male with type 1 diabetes who experienced symptoms such as vomiting, appetite loss, and headaches following his fifth COVID-19 vaccine dose. He was diagnosed with secondary adrenal insufficiency; subsequent assessment revealed an enlarged pituitary gland. Unlike previous cases, our patient has partial recovery from pituitary insufficiency, and his pituitary function gradually improved over time. Anti-pituitary antibodies (APAs) against corticotrophs, thyrotrophs, gonadotrophs, and folliculo stellate cells (FSCs) were detected in serum samples taken 3 months after onset. Hypophysitis after COVID-19 vaccination is a rare clinical condition, with only eight cases reported by the end of 2023, most occurring after the initial or second vaccination. Symptoms of hypophysitis after COVID-19 vaccination are similar to those of classic pituitary dysfunction. Pituitary insufficiency is persistent, with five of the above eight patients presenting posterior pituitary dysfunction and three patients presenting only anterior pituitary dysfunction. Two of those eight patients had autoimmune diseases. Our case suggests a potential link between acquired immunity, APA production, and pituitary damage. To elucidate the etiology of hypophysitis associated with COVID-19 vaccination, detailed investigation of patients with nonspecific symptoms after vaccination against COVID-19 is necessary.