小反刍动物的驱虫抗性是一个严重的世界性问题。为了减少它们的传播,了解农场蠕虫的流行情况和采取的控制措施至关重要。由于意大利南部卡拉布里亚地区的这些研究是零碎和过时的,对该地区小型反刍动物中蠕虫的患病率进行了研究。还通过对农民的问卷调查评估了控制蠕虫的措施。特别是,在90个农场(45只绵羊和45只山羊),春季收集了900只绵羊和900只山羊的1800份粪便样本。使用FLOTAC双重技术,寄生虫学检查表明,100%的绵羊和山羊养殖场存在胃肠道线虫,其次是线虫。(84.44%的绵羊和48.89%的山羊),Monieziaspp.(绵羊占73.33%,山羊占35.56%),毛虫(48.89%绵羊和42.22%山羊),肺虫(28.89%的绵羊和42.22%的山羊),乳头类圆线虫(40%绵羊和26.67%山羊),树枝状双壳菌(13.33%绵羊和26.67%山羊),Calicophorondaubneyi(6.67%的绵羊和31.11%的山羊),肝片吸虫(6.67%绵羊和4.44%山羊),和卵巢Skrjabinema(4.44%的绵羊和山羊)。调查问卷显示,82%和85%的农民采用了牧场轮作,在前一年中,有93.3%和86.6%的人对绵羊和山羊使用了驱虫药,分别。在处理之前,只有24.4%的养羊户和11.3%的养羊户进行了寄生虫学测试。最常用的驱虫药是大环内酯和苯并咪唑,只有21.6%和15.6%,对于绵羊和山羊来说,分别,进行药物轮换。这些结果表明,蠕虫代表了小反刍动物的健康问题,并突显了农民缺乏对寄生虫控制策略的了解。在这些条件下,驱虫抵抗现象可能随着时间的推移而发展。因此,有必要实施所有可能的控制蠕虫的策略,并防止驱虫抗药性现象在意大利南部农场的传播。
Anthelmintic resistance in small ruminants is a serious worldwide problem. To reduce their spread, it is essential to know the prevalence of helminths on farms and the control practices adopted. As these studies in the Calabria region of southern Italy are fragmentary and outdated, a study on the prevalence of helminths in small ruminant holdings in this area has been conducted. The measures implemented to control helminths were also evaluated through questionnaires administered to farmers. In particular, on 90 farms (45 sheep and 45 goats), 1800 faecal samples from 900 sheep and 900 goats were collected in the spring. Using the FLOTAC dual technique, parasitological examinations demonstrated the presence of gastrointestinal nematodes in 100% of sheep and goat farms, followed by Nematodirus spp. (84.44% sheep and 48.89% goats), Moniezia spp. (73.33% sheep and 35.56% goats), Trichuris ovis (48.89% sheep and 42.22% goats), lungworms (28.89% sheep and 42.22% goats), Strongyloides papillosus (40% sheep and 26.67% goats), Dicrocoelium dendriticum (13.33% sheep and 26.67% goats), Calicophoron daubneyi (6.67% sheep and 31.11% goats), Fasciola hepatica (6.67% sheep and 4.44% goats), and Skrjabinema ovis (4.44% sheep and goats). The questionnaires showed that 82% and 85% of the farmers had applied pasture rotation, and that 93.3% and 86.6% had used anthelmintics in the previous year for sheep and goats, respectively. Only 24.4% of sheep farmers and 11.3% of goat farmers had carried out parasitological tests prior to treatments. The most used classes of anthelmintics were macrocyclic lactones and benzimidazoles, and only in 21.6% and 15.6%, for sheep and goats, respectively, was drug rotation carried out. These results denote that helminths represent a health problem for small ruminants and highlight a lack of knowledge of parasite control strategies among farmers. In these conditions, anthelmintic resistance phenomena could develop over time. Therefore, it is necessary to implement all possible strategies for the control of helminths, and to prevent the spread of anthelmintic resistance phenomena on farms in southern Italy.