目标:烟草烟雾暴露,锌摄入量,与牙周炎密切相关。本研究旨在评估烟草烟雾暴露与锌摄入量之间的关系及其对牙周炎的影响。
方法:这项横断面研究包括来自美国国家健康和营养调查(NHANES)的9364名参与者。采用加权多变量logistic回归模型研究烟草烟雾暴露的独立关系和交互作用,锌摄入量,和牙周炎。计算比值比(OR)和95%置信区间(CI)。使用相互作用的相对超额风险(RERI)评估加性相互作用,可归因互动比例(AP),和协同指数(SI)。
结果:总而言之,56.57%的参与者患有牙周炎。与没有接触烟草烟雾的参与者相比,那些接触烟草烟雾的人患牙周炎的几率增加(或,1.96;95%CI,1.67-2.31)。同样,与锌摄入量不足的患者相比,锌摄入量充足的患者患牙周炎的几率降低(OR,0.86;95%CI,0.76-0.98)。重要的是,锌摄入和烟草烟雾暴露对牙周炎有拮抗交互作用(RERI:OR,-0.432;95%CI,-0.829至-0.034;AP:OR,-0.242;95%CI,-0.470至-0.014;SI:OR,0.645;95%CI,0.446至0.932)。
结论:烟草烟雾暴露和锌摄入与牙周炎风险独立相关。减少烟草烟雾暴露和优化饮食锌摄入量似乎是控制牙周炎的重要措施。
OBJECTIVE: Tobacco smoke exposure, zinc intake, and periodontitis are closely related. This study intended to assess the relationship between tobacco smoke exposure and zinc intake and its effect on periodontitis.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 9364 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of USA. A weighted multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate the independent relationship and interaction effect among tobacco smoke exposure, zinc intake, and periodontitis. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated. The additive interaction was evaluated using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion of interaction (AP), and synergy index (SI).
RESULTS: In all, 56.57% participants had periodontitis. Compared with participants without tobacco smoke exposure, those with tobacco smoke exposure had increased odds of having periodontitis (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.67-2.31). Similarly, patients with adequate zinc intake were found to have decreased odds of having periodontitis than those with inadequate zinc intake (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76-0.98). Importantly, there was antagonistic interaction effect between zinc intake and tobacco smoke exposure on periodontitis (RERI: OR, -0.432; 95% CI, -0.829 to -0.034; AP: OR, -0.242; 95% CI, -0.470 to -0.014; SI: OR, 0.645; 95% CI, 0.446 to 0.932).
CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco smoke exposure and zinc intake were independently correlated with periodontitis risk. Decreasing tobacco smoke exposure and optimizing dietary zinc intake appear to be important measures that could be taken to control periodontitis.