肠道菌群在介导人类和动物脂肪代谢事件中起重要作用。然而,在安格斯牛(AG)和新疆褐牛(BC)之间,与脂质代谢相关的肉质性状(MQT-LM)与肠道微生物群相关的差异尚未得到很好的研究。选择在相同条件下饲养的10头18个月大的未cast割雄性AG和BC(每组5只)进行MQT-LM测试,即,背脂肪厚度(BFT),肌内脂肪(IMF)含量,肌内脂肪细胞面积(IAA),眼肌面积(EMA),肌纤维截面积(MFSA)和处死后的肌肉剪切力。通过宏基因组学和直肠粪便代谢组学分析了肠道菌群组成和结构及其代谢功能。分析了MQT-LM与肠道菌群及其代谢产物的相关性。与AG相比,BC具有显著较低的EMA,IMF含量和IAA,但BFT和MFSA较高。α-多样性的Chao1和ACE指数较低。AG和BC之间的β-多样性存在显着差异。拟杆菌的相对丰度,普雷沃氏菌、布劳特氏菌和副普雷沃氏菌,Blautiawexlerae,而gnavusRuminococcus较低。与脂质代谢相关的代谢产物,即,琥珀酸盐,氧代戊二酸,L-天冬氨酸和L-谷氨酸含量较低,而GABA,L-天冬酰胺和富马酸含量较高。IMF与Prevotellacopri呈正相关,布劳特氏菌和格尼弗罗米诺球菌,和代谢产物琥珀酸,氧代戊二酸,L-天冬氨酸和L-谷氨酸,虽然对GABA是负面的,L-天冬酰胺和富马酸。BFT与布劳特氏菌和琥珀酸代谢物呈负相关,L-天冬氨酸和L-谷氨酸,虽然与GABA积极,L-天冬酰胺和富马酸。PrevotellaCopri,Blautiawexlerae,牙本质反刍动物与琥珀酸呈正相关,氧代戊二酸,而L-天冬酰胺和富马酸为阴性。总之,CopriPrevotella,中间介体普雷沃特拉,Blautiawexlerae,和牙本质反刍动物可以作为潜在的分化细菌物种与MQT-LM通过其代谢产物的酮戊二酸,琥珀酸盐,富马酸,L-天冬氨酸,L-天冬酰胺,L-谷氨酸和GABA在BC和AG之间。
Gut microbiota plays important roles in mediating fat metabolic events in humans and animals. However, the differences of meat quality traits related to the lipid metabolism (MQT-LM) in association with gut microbiota involving in lipid metabolism have not been well explored between Angus cattle (AG) and Xinjiang brown cattle (BC). Ten heads of 18-month-old uncastrated male AG and BC (5 in each group) raised under the identical conditions were selected to test MQT-LM, i.e., the backfat thickness (BFT), the intramuscular fat (IMF) content, the intramuscular adipocyte areas (IAA), the eye muscle area (EMA), the muscle fiber sectional area (MFSA) and the muscle shear force after sacrifice. The gut microbiota composition and structure with its metabolic function were analyzed by means of metagenomics and metabolomics with rectal feces. The correlation of MQT-LM with the gut microbiota and its metabolites was analyzed. In comparison with AG, BC had significant lower EMA, IMF content and IAA but higher BFT and MFSA. Chao1 and ACE indexes of α-diversity were lower. β-diversity between AG and BC were significantly different. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Prevotella and Blautia and Prevotella copri, Blautia wexlerae, and Ruminococcus gnavus was lower. The lipid metabolism related metabolites, i.e., succinate, oxoglutaric acid, L-aspartic acid and L-glutamic acid were lower, while GABA, L-asparagine and fumaric acid were higher. IMF was positively correlated with Prevotella copri, Blautia wexlerae and Ruminococcus gnavus, and the metabolites succinate, oxoglutaric acid, L-aspartic acid and L-glutamic acid, while negatively with GABA, L-asparagine and fumaric acid. BFT was negatively correlated with Blautia wexlerae and the metabolites succinate, L-aspartic acid and L-glutamic acid, while positively with GABA, L-asparagine and fumaric acid. Prevotella Copri, Blautia wexlerae, and Ruminococcus gnavus was all positively correlated with succinate, oxoglutaric acid, while negatively with L-asparagine and fumaric acid. In conclusion, Prevotella copri, Prevotella intermedia, Blautia wexlerae, and Ruminococcus gnavus may serve as the potential differentiated bacterial species in association with MQT-LM via their metabolites of oxoglutaric acid, succinate, fumaric acid, L-aspartic acid, L-asparagine, L-glutamic acid and GABA between BC and AG.