丝状真菌是低等真核生物的巨大门,对各种底物具有多种活性,然而,它们对类固醇的生物催化潜力仍然被大大低估。在这项研究中,筛选了23个不同属的40多株子囊菌和孢子菌真菌菌株催化3-氧代雄甾烷类固醇结构修饰的能力,-雄激素-4-烯-3,17-二酮(AD)和雄激素-1,4-二烯-3,17-二酮(ADD)。以前未出于这些目的探索的Absidia菌株,Cremonum,Beauveria,Cunninghamella,Doratomyces,Drechslera,镰刀菌,表明赤霉素属能够以良好的产量生产有价值的7α-,7β-,11α-和14α-羟基化衍生物,以及17β还原和1(2)脱氢的雄甾烷。根据生物过程的关键中间体鉴定和时程,提出了AD和ADD的生物转化途径。发现了六种子囊菌菌株可提供有效的ADD7β-羟基化,迄今为止尚未报道。主要产物和中间体的结构经HPLC确证,质谱(MS),1H和13CNMR分析。该结果有助于了解类固醇转化丝状真菌的功能多样性。能够有效地进行AD和ADD的结构修饰的先前未开发的真菌生物催化剂可以应用于新一代的工业生物过程。
Filamentous fungi is a huge phylum of lower eukaryotes with diverse activities towards various substrates, however, their biocatalytic potential towards steroids remains greatly underestimated. In this study, more than forty Ascomycota and Zygomycota fungal strains of 23 different genera were screened for the ability to catalyze structural modifications of 3-oxo-androstane steroids, - androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (AD) and androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione (ADD). Previously unexplored for these purposes strains of Absidia, Acremonium, Beauveria, Cunninghamella, Doratomyces, Drechslera, Fusarium, Gibberella genera were revealed capable of producing in a good yield valuable 7α-, 7β-, 11α- and 14α-hydroxylated derivatives, as well as 17β-reduced and 1(2)-dehydrogenated androstanes. The bioconversion routes of AD and ADD were proposed based on the key intermediates identification and time courses of the bioprocesses. Six ascomycete strains were discovered to provide effective 7β-hydroxylation of ADD which has not been so far reported. The structures of major products and intermediates were confirmed by HPLC, mass-spectrometry (MS), 1H and 13C NMR analyses. The results contribute to the knowledge on the functional diversity of steroid-transforming filamentous fungi. Previously unexplored fungal biocatalysts capable of effective performing structural modification of AD and ADD can be applied for industrial bioprocesses of new generation.