BACKGROUND: Amyand hernia is the presence of an incarcerated vermiform appendix (either inflamed or not) within the hernia sac. This type of hernia is very rare with an incidence reported to be 0.5 to 1 % and even rarer in adults.
METHODS: We present here two cases of male patients found the have an Amyand Hernia diagnosed incidentally intraoperatively, and managed with appendectomy and mesh herniorrhaphy.
UNASSIGNED: For the management of this type of hernia, in general, the surgeon should perform an appendectomy with the repair to prevent future herniation or appendicitis, but some opinions differ, and state that when there are no signs of inflammation, it is not required to perform a preventative appendectomy.
CONCLUSIONS: The decision on how to manage depends on multiple factors including inflammation of the appendix, the possibility of abdominal sepsis, and the patient comorbidities. The status of the appendix determines whether to undergo hernia repair with or without mesh.

An Amyand hernia is an incarcerated inguinal hernia containing the appendix with or without appendicitis. This is a rare form of inguinal hernia, making up approximately 0.4%-1% of all cases. As with any hernia, this may become strangulated at any time, leading to the loss of blood supply and further development of gangrene and complications. Clinically, this can present in a manner indistinguishable from other types of inguinal hernias. In addition, the appendix can be affected by its own set of pathological processes, such as infection, inflammation, and malignancy. Not uncommonly both hernial and appendiceal complications coexist. The clinical diagnosis of an Amyand hernia remains challenging due to its low incidence and indistinct clinical presentation. At present, surgery is usually diagnostic and therapeutic. However, there is a growing number of recent reports showing the invaluable role of imaging on the diagnosis of Amyand hernias and associated complications. The correct and timely recognition of their imaging features including complications can optimize and expedite patient care by guiding diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Here, we report for the first time the radiological and pathological findings of a patient with a unique complicated Amyand hernia, which posed a diagnostic challenge for the clinical and radiological teams.

We report a case of \"De Garengeot\'s hernia\" (DGH), a rare condition that occurs when the inflamed appendix is localized inside a femoral hernia. The appendix may be involved in inflammatory or necrotic processes and the treatment is emergency surgery. It is usually discovered by chance during surgery. It occurs in 0.5%-5% of all femoral hernias. In 0.08%-0.13% of cases, the appendix can present inflammatory or necrotic processes due to the narrowness of the neck of the femoral canal; in these cases, an emergency surgery is required through a no standard surgical procedure. In the other cases, it is usually found accidentally during surgical repair of the hernia or more rarely diagnosed preoperatively by CT. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to report a case of DGH describing CT main findings in order to improve the preoperative diagnosis.

UNASSIGNED: Amyand\'s hernia is an uncommon kind of inguinal hernia in which the appendix becomes entrapped within the hernia sac. In patients with an inflamed or perforated appendix, mesh repair is not recommended for hernia repair.
UNASSIGNED: Amyand\'s hernia is an uncommon kind of inguinal hernia in which the appendix becomes entrapped within the hernia sac. We report a 48-year-old man with a right groin protrusion and abdominal pain. In the abdominopelvic ultrasound, an appendix with a diameter of 9 mm was reported in the right inguinal canal. The patient was diagnosed with Amyand hernia.

UNASSIGNED: Abdominal wall hernia is a protrusion of abdominal contents through an acquired or congenital weakness or wall defect. A ventral hernia, including an appendix, is a rare condition. The appendix in the hernial sac is already known as inguinal and femoral hernia and has been named Amyand hernia and De Garengeot hernia, respectively.
METHODS: We have presented a 74-year-old woman with complaints of point tenderness in the right lower abdomen and para-umbilical and a palpable non-reducible mass over the para-umbilicus with some erythema on the skin, which started two days ago. With the help of imaging, diagnosis of abdominal wall hernia was made, with the appendix as the possible content, as there was evidence of an inflamed appendix lumen incarcerated through the abdominal wall.
UNASSIGNED: We have provided a detailed review of recent articles. Our comprehensive discussion includes an exploration of the typical manifestations, the significance of imaging in accurate diagnosis, and the appropriate measures to facilitate optimal surgical preparation. The treatment for ventral hernia typically involves appendectomy and abdominal wall hernia repair, with the specific approach depending on the severity of inflammation.
CONCLUSIONS: Although abdominal wall hernia containing appendicitis is extremely rare, its clinical manifestations are hernia and acute appendicitis, the most common diseases in general surgery. Imaging may be helpful in diagnosis. According to our study, diagnostic laparoscopy could be used in case of clinical suspicion of abdominal wall hernia containing an appendix, although more studies are needed.

Amyand\'s hernia is rare, occurs when the appendix is located within the hernial sac, is difficult to diagnose prior to surgery, and is considered to be discovered during surgery.
UNASSIGNED: A 4-year-old child was brought to the medical clinic by her mother with a swelling complaint in the right inguinal region. Following clinical diagnosis and imaging tests, an indirect inguinal hernia was found to be present. It was decided to perform surgery on the child, and he was taken to the operating room and given general anesthesia. An incision was made on the right inguinal side, reaching the spermatic cord and the ostium internum, where a hernia sac was found containing the inflamed appendix. The appendix was removed from the edges of the hernia sac, tied off at its base, and cut. Finally, the hernia sac was closed without the use of a mesh, the surgical incision was closed, and the wound was dressed.
UNASSIGNED: The diagnosis of inguinal hernia is initially made based on the symptoms presented by the patient, as well as through ultrasound imaging. For surgical management, there is a classification called Losanoff and Basson, which discusses the surgical treatment options necessary for different types of Amyand hernias. The hernia is classified into four types based on the clinical presentation of the patient and the condition of the appendix, and each type has its own treatment.
UNASSIGNED: Amyand\'s hernia is an uncommon condition diagnosed during surgery.

Background  The inguinal region is an area of complex anatomy that could contain diverse uncommon contents in routine clinical practice. Although inguinal hernia repair is one of the commonest surgeries done routinely, thorough preoperative imaging has a significant impact on the outcome of the surgery, by revealing the presence of unusual contents in the inguinal region. Aim  The aim of this article is to review the differential diagnosis of the uncommon inguinal pathologies, which can simulate an inguinal hernia, to determine, and to simplify the treatment approach. Conclusions  A profound understanding of the imaging characteristics of uncommon inguinal pathologies is crucial for both the radiologists (to prevent misdiagnosis) and the treating physicians (to avoid surgical complications) and ensure optimal management.

UNASSIGNED: Amyand hernia is an accidental finding that occurs in 0.19-1.7% of patients with inguinal hernia, with children being more commonly affected than adults. However, the management depends on the guidelines given by Losanoff and Basson.
UNASSIGNED: A 62-year-old male presented with complaints of progressive swelling in the right inguinal region without any clinical spectrum of bowel obstruction or strangulation. Examination revealed a right-sided indirect inguinal hernia with positive Ziemann technique. Open hernioplasty revealed an appendix within a hernia sac and was found to be adhered to the surrounding structure with a fibrotic band. According to the Losanoff and Basson protocol, the patient had an appendectomy and an open mesh repair with polypropylene mesh without any post-operative complications.
UNASSIGNED: Amyand hernia are often predominantly present in children, with a rare presence in the elderly. Pre-operative clinical diagnosis remains a challenge, and the management depends upon the Losanoff and Basson protocol. Appendectomy of the normal appendix within the hernia sac is often recommended to prevent the sequelae (appendicitis, rupture) following manipulation during hernioplasty.
UNASSIGNED: Amyand\'s hernia is a rare clinical entity and difficult to diagnose due to its uncomplicated presentation. Nevertheless, the progress of appendix inflammation, the possibility of abdominal sepsis, and co-morbidities should all be taken into consideration when deciding how to manage individual patients.

BACKGROUND: Amyand hernia is a clinical condition wherein content of the inguinal hernial sac is formed by the vermiform appendix.
METHODS: 1 year 3-month-old male child presented to our OPD with an irreducible left inguinal hernia for which he was taken up for an emergency herniotomy. The terminal ileum, caecum and appendix were found to be the contents of the hernial sac.
CONCLUSIONS: As the appendix is anatomically located on the right, Amyand hernia more commonly occurs on the right, however its occurrence on the left, is a rare event and is usually associated with congenital anomalies like Intestinal malrotation, Situs inversus and mobile caecum.
CONCLUSIONS: Amyand hernia presenting on the left is extremely rare and high index of clinical suspicion is required to manage such patients. We report one such rare case of a Left sided Amyand hernia in a young child.

Inguinal hernia is a prevalent surgical condition worldwide. The hernia sac typically contains the omentum and small intestine. However, it has been reported that some other organs might be seen, including the ovary, fallopian tube, bladder, and colon. We report the case of a 23-year-old man who presented to our emergency department with the complaint of scrotal pain for the last six days. The pain was mainly in the right side. There was no history of preceding trauma, and the pain developed gradually. He described the pain as having a sharp nature and was constant. He reported having a low-grade fever that resolved with the use of over-the-counter analgesics. There was no change in the urine or bowel habits. No penile discharge was reported. On examination, the patient had a low-grade fever and tachycardia. The patient appeared in pain and was not cooperative to have a complete genitalia examination. However, there was a positive cough impulse in the right inguinal region. The laboratory findings suggested the presence of inflammatory or infectious processes with elevated leukocytes, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The patient was prepared for emergency laparotomy for reduction of the hernia and resection of the appendix. During exploration, the appendix was reduced from the hernia sac. The appendix appeared edematous, with marked erythema representing acute appendicitis. The appendix was resected and the hernia sac was closed. The presence of an appendix in the inguinal hernia sac is very rare. The preoperative diagnosis of Amyand hernia, the inguinal hernia containing the appendix, can be difficult based on the clinical presentation. Early diagnosis is crucial to avoid the potential complications of Amyand hernia, including perforation and abscess formation. Imaging studies can establish the diagnosis of Amyand hernia with high accuracy and confidence.